Close relationship of plasminogen activator inhibitor-1 4G/5G polymorphism and progression of IgA nephropathy

Genetical, histological, and clinical characteristics of IgA-negative mesangioproliferative glomerulopathy

“…The genotype of ACE in IgAN patients as well as normal controls, of which samples were examined in parallel with those of patients with N-IgAN, were similar with the average frequency in the Japanese population [9,24,25], which indicates that technical bias was unlikely. Moreover, the genotypes of PAI-1, which we previously demonstrated [12] to be associated with the progression of histological changes and a decrease in kidney function, are similar in N-IgAN and IgAN patients, thus suggesting a unique genotypic feature of ACE in N-IgAN patients. The sample size of N-IgAN patients was adequate for statistical analysis of gene polymorphisms of ACE, also considering its distribution in the Japanese population.…”

“…It also remains to be elucidated whether I/D polymorphisms of the ACE gene may affect the pathogenesis and progression of N-IgAN. We previously reported that the 4G/5G polymorphism of the plasminogen activator inhibitor-1 (PAI-1) gene is associated with IgAN progression [12], whereas its role in N-IgAN has not been reported. In this study, we investigated the clinical characteristics, renal pathological findings, and genotypes of the ACE and PAI-1 genes patients with N-IgAN in comparison with those with IgAN.…”

“…It has been suggested that genetic factors may influence the pathogenesis and prognosis of renal glomerular diseases [6][7][8][9][10][11][12]. Insertion/deletion (I/D) polymorphisms of angiotensin-converting enzymes (ACE) have been demonstrated to be significantly associated with the incidence and prognosis of various cardiovascular disorders [13][14][15] and progression of glomerular disease.…”

Impact of the -675 4G/5G polymorphism of the plasminogen activator inhibitor-1 gene on childhood IgA nephropathy

“…This suggests that the 4G/5G polymorphism may be a candidate risk factor for diseases characterized by ECM accumulation, such as immunoglobulin A nephropathy (IgAN), mesangial proliferative glomerulonephritis (MesPGN), lupus nephritis and diabetic nephropathy. It has also been reported that the PAI-1 polymorphism is not associated with genesis of IgAN (10,11). On the contrary, it was reported that the 4G/5G polymorphism is associated with disease activity for primary membranous nephropathy (12), lupus nephritis and the development of type 2 diabetic nephropathy (13,14).…”

Is progression of IgA nephropathy conditioned by genes regulating atherosclerotic damage?

“…Once more the heterogeneity of IgAN emerges in a meta-analysis, which indicates that an association between the I/D ACE gene polymorphism and progression of IgAN is only seen in Asian patients [15]. There are also some data that the prognosis of IgAN is influenced by polymorphisms of other genes related to vascular response and atherosclerosis, including angiotensinogen (AGT) [16] and plasminogen activator inhibitor-1 (PAI-1) [17]. A role for atherosclerosis in the progression of IgAN is supported by the association of progression of IgAN with metabolic factors involved in atherosclerosis, including obesity, hypertriglyceridaemia and hyperuricaemia [18,19].…”