Close association between oral Candida species and oral mucosal disorders in patients with xerostomia

Abstract

Oral Diseases (2012) 18, 667–672 Objective: Heightened interest in oral health has lead to an increase in patients complaining of xerostomia, which is associated with various oral mucosal disorders. In this study, we investigated the relationship between Candida species and oral mucosal disorders in patients with xerostomia. Subjects and Methods: We evaluated whole salivary flow rate and presence of oral mucosal disorders in 48 patients with xerostomia and 15 healthy controls. The number of Candida species was measured as colony‐forming units after propagation on selective medium. Identification of Candida at the species level was carried out by polymerase chain reaction and restriction fragment length polymorphism analysis. We then examined the relationship between Candida species and oral mucosal symptoms. Results: Compared with controls, patients with xerostomia exhibited significantly decreased whole salivary flow rate, increased rate of oral mucosal symptoms, and higher numbers of Candida. Salivary flow rate negatively correlated with the number Candida. Among patients with oral candidiasis, Candida albicanswas isolated from the tongue mucosa and Candida glabratawas isolated from the angle of the mouth. Conclusion: These results suggest that particular Candida species are involved in the pathogenesis of oral mucosal disorders in patients with xerostomia.

Xerostomia of Various Etiologies: A Review of the Literature

“…Shinozaki et al [40] documented an association between candidiasis and mucosal disorders in patients with oral dryness. They isolated such fungi as Candida albicans and Candida glabata from the tongue and angle of the mouth, respectively, in hyposalivation patients.…”

Molecular Analysis of Fungal Populations in Patients with Oral Candidiasis Using Internal Transcribed Spacer Region

“…Human whole saliva contains several antibiotics such as lysozyme, lactoferrin, peroxidases, and salivary immunoglobulin A. Many studies have pointed to an association between oral candidiasis and constant hyposalivation [24], [25]. UWS reflects a constant moistness in the oral cavity and decreased UWS has been thought to increase the risk of Candida infection [26], [27].…”

The Effect of Eating Sea Cucumber Jelly on Candida Load in the Oral Cavity of Elderly Individuals in a Nursing Home

“…Typically, two colony types were observed in the oral samples from the elderly individuals. The two colonies were identified as C. albicans and C. glabrata by TaqMan probe assay [18,19], and their susceptibilities to HTX were assessed by determining their MICs (Table 2). The MICs of the clinical isolates were similar to those of the laboratory strains.…”

“…The number of colonies on the Sabouraud Dextrose Agar with antibiotics and the CHROMagar were similar, and the colony numbers on the CHROMagar were used for analysis. Typically, two colony types were observed on the CHROMagar plates: green colonies of C. albicans and pale brown colonies of C. glabrata [19]. Their identities were confirmed by TaqMan probe assay [18].…”