Cloning of the y1 Locus of Maize, a Gene Involved in the Biosynthesis of Carotenoids.

Buckner, Brent; Kelson, Todd L.; Robertson, Donald S.

doi:10.1105/tpc.2.9.867

Cited by 110 publications

(72 citation statements)

References 24 publications

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“…Carotenoids and indole-derived compounds can color the maize caryopsis yellow or orange, respectively (Buckner et al, 1990;Wright et al, 1992), and flavonoid pigments provide the red/purple pigmentation characteristic of "Indian maize." Among the flavonoid pigments, red, purple, or blue anthocyanins are ubiquitously distributed in the flowering plants and furnish one of the best-described plant biosynthetic pathways (Grotewold, 2006).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

A Genome-Wide Regulatory Framework Identifies Maize Pericarp Color1 Controlled Genes

Morohashi¹,

et al. 2012

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Pericarp Color1 (P1) encodes an R2R3-MYB transcription factor responsible for the accumulation of insecticidal flavones in maize (Zea mays) silks and red phlobaphene pigments in pericarps and other floral tissues, which makes P1 an important visual marker. Using genome-wide expression analyses (RNA sequencing) in pericarps and silks of plants with contrasting P1 alleles combined with chromatin immunoprecipitation coupled with high-throughput sequencing, we show here that the regulatory functions of P1 are much broader than the activation of genes corresponding to enzymes in a branch of flavonoid biosynthesis. P1 modulates the expression of several thousand genes, and ;1500 of them were identified as putative direct targets of P1. Among them, we identified F2H1, corresponding to a P450 enzyme that converts naringenin into 2-hydroxynaringenin, a key branch point in the P1-controlled pathway and the first step in the formation of insecticidal C-glycosyl flavones. Unexpectedly, the binding of P1 to gene regulatory regions can result in both gene activation and repression. Our results indicate that P1 is the major regulator for a set of genes involved in flavonoid biosynthesis and a minor modulator of the expression of a much larger gene set that includes genes involved in primary metabolism and production of other specialized compounds.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

A Genome-Wide Regulatory Framework Identifies Maize Pericarp Color1 Controlled Genes

Morohashi¹,

et al. 2012

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“…The largesteffect sizes typically explain o5% of total variation, with total identifiable genetic variation spread across up to several dozen genes (for example, Laurie et al, 2004;Buckler et al, 2009;Kump et al, 2011;Tian et al, 2011;Cook et al, 2012). A prominent exception is kernel carotenoid content, which seems to be primarily controlled by variation in just three genes: y1 (Buckner et al, 1990), lcyE (Harjes et al, 2008) and crtB1 (Yan et al, 2010). The general pattern of many small-effect genes is also present in maize's wild ancestor, teosinte .…”

Section: General Architecture Of Maize Traitsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Entering the second century of maize quantitative genetics

2013

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Maize is the most widely grown cereal in the world. In addition to its role in global agriculture, it has also long served as a model organism for genetic research. Maize stands at a genetic crossroads, as it has access to all the tools available for plant genetics but exhibits a genetic architecture more similar to other outcrossing organisms than to self-pollinating crops and model plants. In this review, we summarize recent advances in maize genetics, including the development of powerful populations for genetic mapping and genome-wide association studies (GWAS), and the insights these studies yield on the mechanisms underlying complex maize traits. Most maize traits are controlled by a large number of genes, and linkage analysis of several traits implicates a 'common gene, rare allele' model of genetic variation where some genes have many individually rare alleles contributing. Most natural alleles exhibit small effect sizes with little-to-no detectable pleiotropy or epistasis. Additionally, many of these genes are locked away in low-recombination regions that encourage the formation of multi-gene blocks that may underlie maize's strong heterotic effect. Domestication left strong marks on the maize genome, and some of the differences in trait architectures may be due to different selective pressures over time. Overall, maize's advantages as a model system make it highly desirable for studying the genetics of outcrossing species, and results from it can provide insight into other such species, including humans.

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“…Nuclear mutations that interfere either with chloroplast biogenesis (Barkan eta/., 1994;Buckner et al, 1990;Zhang eta/., 1994), or with the synthesis and assembly of specific chloroplast components (Coe et al, 1988;Kawata and Cheung, 1990;Wetzel eta/., 1994) have been described.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

CLA1, a novel gene required for chloroplast development, is highly conserved in evolution

et al. 1996

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SummaryAn albino mutant designated clal-1 (for "c_loroplastos alteradod, or 'altered chloroplasts') has been isolated from a T-DNA-generated library of Arabidopsis thaliana. In clal.1 plants, chloroplast development is arrested at an early stage, clal-1 plants behave like wild-type in their capacity to etiolate and produce anthocyanins indicating that the light signal transduction pathway seems to be unaffected. Genetic and molecular analyses show that the disruption of a single gene, CLAI, by the T-ONA insertion is responsible for the mutant phenotype. RNA expression patterns indicate that CLA 1 is positively regulated by light and that it has different effects on the steady-state RNA levels of some nuclear-and chloroplast-encoded photosynthetic genes. Although the specific function of the CLA1 gene is still unknown, it encodes a novel protein conserved in evolution between photosynthetic bacteria and plants which is essential for chloroplast development in Arabidopsis.

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Cloning of the y1 Locus of Maize, a Gene Involved in the Biosynthesis of Carotenoids.

Cited by 110 publications

References 24 publications

A Genome-Wide Regulatory Framework Identifies Maize Pericarp Color1 Controlled Genes

A Genome-Wide Regulatory Framework Identifies Maize Pericarp Color1 Controlled Genes

Entering the second century of maize quantitative genetics

CLA1, a novel gene required for chloroplast development, is highly conserved in evolution

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