Cloning mature holm oak trees by somatic embryogenesis

Barra-Jiménez, Azahara; Blasco, Miquel; Ruiz-Galea, Mar; Celestino, C.; Alegre, Julio; Arrillaga, Isabel; Toribio, M.

doi:10.1007/s00468-014-0979-0

Cited by 29 publications

(44 citation statements)

References 50 publications

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“…We also observed that maintenance of embryogenic cultures is possible following culture on basal medium devoid of AC or supplemented with BA; however, these media resulted in inefficient production of welldeveloped and easily detachable cotyledonary-shaped embryos, particularly in Q. rubra (Table 3 and Online Resource 3). Similarly, embryogenic cultures from mature holm oak trees could be maintained for more than 1 year on PGR-free medium, but a clear decline in the production of differentiated somatic embryos was reported (Barra- Jiménez et al 2014). …”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 97%

“…Charcoal is involved in the differentiation of somatic embryos, especially promoting maturation of cotyledon-shaped embryos and later germination (Merkle et al 1995). In other Quercus species, charcoal (1 %) was used for promoting maturation of 3-4 mm cotyledonarystage embryos of cork oak (Hernández et al 2009;Pintos et al 2010) and holm oak (Barra- Jiménez et al 2014) with a significant increase in both embryo size and fresh weight, as well as stopping repetitive embryogenesis during maturation. However, results of the present study indicate that charcoal may be used prior to the embryo maturation step, since small embryogenic structures subcultured in proliferation medium containing AC produce well-developed and singularised SSEs.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 98%

“…Extensive work has been conducted in inducing somatic embryogenesis (SE) from selected mature trees of the most important European Quercus species, including Q. robur, Q. suber and Q. ilex (Corredoira et al 2014; Barra-Jiménez et al 2014). Among North American oak species, Q. alba L. (white oak) and Q. rubra L. (red oak) are widely distributed and are also of significant importance (Steiner 1993).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Improved secondary embryo production in Quercus alba and Q. rubra by activated charcoal, silver thiosulphate and sucrose: influence of embryogenic explant used for subculture

Martínez

Viéitez

Corredoira

2015

Plant Cell Tiss Organ Cult

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In somatic embryogenic systems of various oak species, including Quercus alba and Q. rubra, embryogenic lines generally proliferate through generation of nodular embryogenic structures (NS) as a form of repetitive embryogenesis, without embryo development progressing to the cotyledonary stage, or with a low proportion of embryo formation, resulting in the inability to achieve suitable material for plant recovery. In experiments we used previously initiated embryogenic lines derived from 7-year-old trees of Q. alba and Q. rubra. The aim of this work was to improve embryo proliferation and histodifferentiation of lines from these oak species to obtain welldeveloped embryos and plant regeneration. The effects of activated charcoal, silver thiosulphate (STS) and sucrose concentration on secondary embryo production were investigated. Overall, the best embryo proliferation medium consisted of basal Murashige and Skoog medium containing 0.4 % charcoal and 20 lM STS, and supplemented with 6 % sucrose for Q. alba and 3 % sucrose for Q. rubra. In these conditions, well-developed and singularised torpedo-and cotyledonary-shaped embryos were produced. The developmental stage of the embryogenic explant used for subculture significantly influenced embryo production and differentiation of new secondary embryos, with NS being the most effective explant despite being the smallest explant type in terms of size and fresh weight.Addition of STS in the germination medium also had a positive effect on germination response giving rise to approximately 39 % embryo conversion in Q. alba and 11 % in Q. rubra.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 97%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 98%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Improved secondary embryo production in Quercus alba and Q. rubra by activated charcoal, silver thiosulphate and sucrose: influence of embryogenic explant used for subculture

Martínez

Viéitez

Corredoira

2015

Plant Cell Tiss Organ Cult

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“…The cryopreservation of selected plant material is not only useful for conservation purposes, it is also the method of choice to prevent the loss of embryogenic potential and the ability for further development with time in many species, particularly in conifers, [9]. In the case of embryogenic lines from mature holm oak trees, the loss of embryogenic potential has also been observed [3] and as it has been claimed that the use cryopreservation increases the embryogenic capacity of declining lines [35], it may be useful to solve this problem.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 96%

“…Plantlet regeneration by SE has been achieved in most of the economically important Quercus species, even using tissues from adult trees [8]. Recently, SE induction has been achieved in tissues from adult holm oak trees both in male catkins [4] and also in ovule integuments, from whose somatic embryos were plantlets regenerated [3]. …”

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confidence: 99%

Cryopreservation of embryogenic tissues from mature holm oak trees

Barra-Jiménez¹,

Aronen²,

Alegre³

et al. 2015

Cryobiology

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Somatic Embryogenesis of Quercus suber L. From Immature Zygotic Embryos

Testillano

Gómez-Garay

Pintos

et al. 2018

Plant Cell Culture Protocols

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Quercus suber L., cork oak, is a forest tree of high social and economic value. The cork is traditionally used in the wine industry to produce bottle stoppers, but it is also a very good material for both thermal and acoustic insulation in construction. Since its harvest does not harm the tree, the use of cork in the industry has a positive impact on the environment.Somatic embryogenesis is considered a feasible system for in vitro regeneration procedures, with many advantages in woody species. Classical genetic breeding programs have important limitations in forest trees, like cork oak, due to their long life span and difficulties of seed conservation and vegetative reproduction. Therefore, somatic embryogenesis has a great potential for large-scale propagation and cryopreservation of elite genotypes, as well as for transformation strategies. In the case of Q. suber, several in vitro propagation systems through somatic embryogenesis have been reported, with different efficiency rates.In the present chapter, updated information is reported about an efficient protocol for induction of somatic embryogenesis of Q. suber from immature zygotic embryos, as well as methods for proliferation and maturation of somatic embryos, germination, plantlet regeneration, and acclimatization.

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Cloning mature holm oak trees by somatic embryogenesis

Cited by 29 publications

References 50 publications

Improved secondary embryo production in Quercus alba and Q. rubra by activated charcoal, silver thiosulphate and sucrose: influence of embryogenic explant used for subculture

Improved secondary embryo production in Quercus alba and Q. rubra by activated charcoal, silver thiosulphate and sucrose: influence of embryogenic explant used for subculture

Cryopreservation of embryogenic tissues from mature holm oak trees

Somatic Embryogenesis of Quercus suber L. From Immature Zygotic Embryos

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