Cloning and sequencing of SOB3, a human gene coding for a sperm protein homologous to an antimicrobial protein and potentially involved in zona pellucida binding

Hammami-Hamza, Sonia; Doussau, Mireille; Bernard, Jérôme; Rogier, Edith; Duquenne, Clotilde; Richard, Yolande; Lefèvre, Annick; Finaz, Catherine

doi:10.1093/molehr/7.7.625

Cited by 27 publications

(25 citation statements)

References 35 publications

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“…This strict control of generation of LL-37 is probably important because of the cytotoxic effects of this peptide (43). The hCAP-18 in seminal plasma is derived from epithelial cells in epididymis (22,23), whereas gastricsin is derived from the prostatic gland and seminal vesicles (44). Thus, hCAP-18 and gastricsin only co-localize following ejaculation.…”

Section: Table II Bacteriolytic Effect Of Ll-37 and All-38 On Growingmentioning

confidence: 99%

mentioning

confidence: 99%

“…in various squamous epithelia (16), in the lungs (17, 18), in sweat glands (19), in salivary glands (20), and in keratinocytes during inflammatory disorders (21)). The strongest epithelial expression of hCAP-18 is found in the epididymis with a subsequent high concentration in seminal plasma (22,23).How the epithelium-derived hCAP-18 is processed to generate an active antimicrobial peptide is not known. Because of the high concentration of hCAP-18 in seminal plasma, we chose this as a model to study the processing and antimicrobial activation of hCAP-18 expressed in epithelial cells.…”

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confidence: 99%

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Processing of Seminal Plasma hCAP-18 to ALL-38 by Gastricsin

Sorensen

Gram²,

Johnsen

et al. 2003

Journal of Biological Chemistry

139

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The human cathelicidin, hCAP-18, is expressed both in neutrophils and in epithelial cells. hCAP-18 is processed to the antimicrobial peptide LL-37 by proteinase 3 in neutrophils. hCAP-18 is highly expressed in the epididymis with a subsequent high concentration in seminal plasma where the protein is present in its unprocessed and antimicrobially inactive form. We report here that hCAP-18 in seminal plasma is processed to generate a 38-amino acid antimicrobial peptide ALL-38 by the prostate-derived protease gastricsin when incubated at a pH corresponding to the vaginal pH. In accordance with this, seminal plasma derived hCAP-18 was found in its processed form in the vagina following sexual intercourse. The antimicrobial activity of ALL-38 against a variety of microorganisms tested is equal to that of LL-37. This enzymatic activation of a proantimicrobial substance in seminal plasma following exposure to the vaginal milieu represents a novel mechanism to prevent infection following sexual intercourse.Antimicrobial peptides are important effector molecules of the innate immune system from insects to humans (1, 2). The peptides are active against a broad spectrum of Gram-positive and Gram-negative bacteria as well as some fungi and enveloped viruses. These peptides may play a role in the regulation of the normal microflora (3). In mammals, the antimicrobial peptides are of major importance for the antimicrobial efficacy of professional phagocytes such as neutrophils and macrophages, but the peptides are also expressed in epithelial cells (4). In mammals, there are two large families of antimicrobial peptides, defensins and cathelicidins. Defensins are divided into the ␣-defensins found in neutrophils, macrophages, and Paneth cells in the small intestine, and the ␤-defensins, which are found widespread in epithelial cells. Cathelicidins are found mainly in neutrophils (5). Members of this protein family share a highly conserved N terminus of 12 kDa, named cathelin after a protein isolated from porcine neutrophils (6).Antimicrobial peptides are synthesized as preproproteins and (with the exception of defensins in neutrophils) stored as inactive proproteins (7). In order to become biologically active, the peptides must be liberated from the proproteins by proteolytic cleavage.The proteolytic generation of antimicrobial peptides is very important for the clearance of bacteria at sites of infection. In mice, ␣-defensins from Paneth cells in the small intestine are generated by matrilysin-mediated cleavage of prodefensins, and matrilysin knock-out mice have increased susceptibility to intestinal infections (8). Inhibition of activation of the porcine neutrophil cathelicidins by elastase impairs clearance of bacteria from wounds in vivo (9).The only human cathelicidin, hCAP-18, is a major protein of the specific granules of human neutrophils (10). It is processed to the antimicrobial peptide LL-37 by extracellular cleavage by proteinase 3 from azurophil granules following exocytosis (11). LL-37 has broad spectrum antimicro...

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Section: Table II Bacteriolytic Effect Of Ll-37 and All-38 On Growingmentioning

confidence: 99%

mentioning

confidence: 99%

mentioning

confidence: 99%

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Processing of Seminal Plasma hCAP-18 to ALL-38 by Gastricsin

Sorensen

Gram²,

Johnsen

et al. 2003

Journal of Biological Chemistry

139

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“…La s6quence nucl6otidique codant pour une prot6ine impliqu6e dans la liaison h la ZP (P34H), identifie celle-ci comme appartenant h la famille << d6shydrog6nase/r6ductase ~>. Une autre prot6ine impliqu6e dans la liaison ~t la ZP, SOB3 [24], a une s6quence identique ~ celle d'une prot6ine cationique anti-microbienne originaire de l'6pididyme humain : hCAP-18 [37].…”

Section: Des S P E R M a T O Z O I D E Sunclassified

Données récentes sur la maturation des spermatozoïdes dans l'épididyme humain

Cooper¹

2002

Androl.

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Au cours de leur transit dpididymaire, les spermatozo'ides rencontrent un environnement vari(~, au regard des protdines avec lesquelles ils rentrent en contact. Dans la partie proximale de I'~pididyme, ils sont soumis b I'action d'enzymes, et exposes b des prot~ines susceptibles de modifier les membranes. Dans la partie moyenne pr(~domine une autre cat(~-gorie de prot(Hnes et d'enzymes ; celles associ(~es au transport de st(~rols pourraient modifier les membranes spermatiques afin de permettre I'ancrage de prot(Hnes de liaison b la zone pellucide : P 34H et CD52. Dans la partie distale les spermatozdides rencontrent des activit~s croissantes d'enzymes lytiques, des protdines impliqudes b la fois dans la liaison b la zone peliucidd et la fusion ovocytaire, I'antig~ne de maturation CD 52, une activit(~ anti-microbienne, et enfin des agents ddcapacitants qui facilitent leur survie avant I'(~jaculation. L'adhdrence des prot(Hnes aux diffdrents domaines membranaires (comme ia rdgion ant~rieure ou le segment (~quatorial de I'acrosome) peut ddpendre de la nature de la protdine, de la composition lipidique de la r(~gion membranaire concernde, et de I'environnement ionique dans la lumi~re ~pididy-maire. La Iocalisation des protdines sur le spermatozo'ide, qu'il soit b acrosome intact (membrane acrosomique) ou acrosome-rdagi (segment (~quato-rial) pourra dicter leur r61e, concernant par exemple la fixation b la zona (P 34H), ou la liaison ~ I'ovocyte (gp 20). Les protdines comme les membranes peuvent 6tre modifi(~es durant le transit (~pididymai-re par des enzymes qui peuvent ajouter ou retirer des sucres et des peptides de la surface spermatique. M o t s c M s : maturation des spermatozo'/des, ~pididyme humain, proteines 6pididymairesLes succ~s obtenus dans les ICSI avec spermatozoides extraits du testicule, peuvent donner l'impression que l'6pididyme n'est pas n6cessaire au processus de f6conda-tion, mais ce raisonnement est faux [7]. Les difficult6s ?a disposer d'6pididymes humains intacts, l'impossibilit6 de pratiquer des biopsies sur un canal unique [45] ont certainement retard6 la recherche sur cet organe compar6e celle sur le testicule. N6anmoins, on a pu utiliser du tissu ~t partir d'autopsies, de victimes d'accidents, d'op6rations pour carcinome prostatique, prostatectomie radicale et transplantation. La complexit6 de la t~te 6pididymaire humaine [50] et les incertitudes quant ~ la r6gion pr6cise d'o~ le fragment est extrait dans beaucoup d'6tudes, ne contribuent pas ?a clarifier la situation. N6anmoins, les donn6es cumul6es (pr6sent6es ici graphiquement et sous forme de tableaux) r6v~lent un profil de maturation non diff6rent de celui trouv6 dans d'autre esp~ces qui ont 6t6 mieux 6tudi6es. Cette revue r6sume les informations relatives aux changements concernant les spermatozofdes au cours de leur maturation dans l'6pididyme humain.On en conna~t moins, m~me chez 1' animal, sur le m6canis-me par lequel l'6pididyme influence la maturation des spermatozoYdes. L'application des techniques de biologie mol6culaire ~ l'...

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“…Recent studies have shown that EPECs of rat, mice and human synthesize molecules having antimicrobial activities. Some of them are Bin-1β [9], Eppin [8] , SPAG-11 [2], HE2-α [10], β-defensins [2,11], SOB3 [12], EP2/HE2 [4], hCAP-18 [13], and cystatin-11 [14] etc. Despite the progress made in other species, the repertoire of host defense molecules also known as antimicrobial peptides (AMPs) having microbicidal activities have not been investigated previously in the epididymis of rabbit, Oryctologus cuniculus.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Identification and Characterization of Molecules Having Anti-microbial Activities from Rabbit Epididymis Using Proteomic Approach

K.V.R¹,

Deva²,

Aranha³

et al. 2011

J Microb Biochem Technol

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Antimicrobial peptides (AMPs) are the key components of the host innate immune system and form the first line of host defense against invading pathogens. In the present study attempts were made to identify and characterize AMPs that are synthesized in the epididymal epithelial cells (EPECs) of rabbit, Oryctologus cuniculus. Ex-vivo induction of EPECs with TLR-9 ligand, CpG-ODN-2006 resulted an up-regulation of several AMPs. These molecules were identified in the acid extracts of pooled epididymal tissue homogenates using proteomic approach (Ultrafiltration, cation-exchange chromatography, RP-HPLC, Far Western blotting -FWB, 2D-PAGE and MALDI-TOF-MS). The pooled RP-HPLC fraction (peaks 1-5), named as rabbit epididymal secretory antimicrobial protein (RESAMP), showed activity against several pathogens. FWB, 2D-PAGE and MALDI-TOF-MS results revealed that of the ~19 proteins identified, four protein sequences (hemoglobin-α/β subunits, transthyretin and calreticulin) found to be reacted with HIV antigens (gp120, gp17, gp41, p24). One of the four sequences (VLSHHFGKEFTPQVQ) showed >90% homology with hemohlobin-β protein. A 29 mer peptide with VLSHHFGKEFTPQVQ sequence designated as rabbit epididymal hemoglobin beta (REHbβP). The synthesized peptide showed the highest Probability Based Mowse Score (PBMS) and demonstrated good bactericidal activity (Escherichia coli, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Staphylococcus aureus, Streptococcus pyogenes and Candida albicans. REHbβP did not show cytotoxicity against human endocervical cells (End1/E6E7) and rabbit erythrocytes. Immunofluorescent results revealed that REHbβP localized in the stereocilia epididymis and on the acrosome of ejaculated spermatozoa of rabbit. To the best our knowledge, this is the first study describing the detection of AMPs in rabbit epididymis. In conclusion, the present study suggests that EPECs derived REHbβP may have therapeutic potential in the management of reproductive well being of human and animals.

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Cloning and sequencing of SOB3, a human gene coding for a sperm protein homologous to an antimicrobial protein and potentially involved in zona pellucida binding

Cited by 27 publications

References 35 publications

Processing of Seminal Plasma hCAP-18 to ALL-38 by Gastricsin

Processing of Seminal Plasma hCAP-18 to ALL-38 by Gastricsin

Données récentes sur la maturation des spermatozoïdes dans l'épididyme humain

Identification and Characterization of Molecules Having Anti-microbial Activities from Rabbit Epididymis Using Proteomic Approach

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