Cloning and Sequencing of Mal d 1, the Major Allergen from Apple (Malus domestica), and Its Immunological Relationship to Bet v 1, the Major Birch Pollen Allergen

Vanek-Krebitz, M; Hoffmann‐Sommergruber, Karin; Machado, M. Laimer da Câmara; Susani, Markus; Ebner, Christof; Kraft, Dietrich; Scheiner, Otto; Breiteneder, Heimo

doi:10.1006/bbrc.1995.2320

Cited by 268 publications

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“…As illustrated in this paper, two almost identical Mal d3 cDNA sequences in the GenBank were explored in order to generate genomic sequences and to assess linkage map positions and allelic diversity of two Mal d 3 genes. In addition to Mal d 3, three more apple allergens have been identified by gene cloning and sequencing: Mal d 1 (Vanek- Krebitz et al 1995), Mal d 2 (Krebitz et al 2003) and Mal d 4 (Van Ree et al 1995). Similarly, the number of loci and their location on the linkage groups will also be determined in the same way.…”

Section: Mapping Genes Of Interest Genetic Analysis and Breeding Aspmentioning

confidence: 99%

Linkage map positions and allelic diversity of two Mal d 3 (non-specific lipid transfer protein) genes in the cultivated apple (Malus domestica)

et al. 2005

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Non-specific lipid transfer proteins (nsLTPs) of Rosaceae fruits, such as peach, apricot, cherry, plum and apple, represent major allergens for Mediterranean atopic populations. As a first step in elucidating the genetics of nsLTPs, we directed the research reported here towards identifying the number and location of nsLTP (Mal d 3) genes in the apple genome and determining their allelic diversity. PCR cloning was initially performed on two cultivars, Prima and Fiesta, parents of a core apple mapping progeny in Europe, based on two Mal d 3 sequences (AF221502 and AJ277164) in the GenBank. This resulted in the identification of two distinct sequences (representing two genes) encoding the mature nsLTP proteins. One is identical to accession AF221502 and has been named Mal d 3.01, and the other is new and has been named Mal d 3.02. Subsequent genome walking in the upstream direction and DNA polymorphism analysis revealed that these two genes are intronless and that they could be mapped on two homoeologous segments of linkage groups 12 and 4, respectively. Further cloning and sequencing of the coding and upstream region of both Mal d 3 genes in eight cultivars was performed to identify allelic variation. Assessment of the deduced nsLTP amino acid sequences gave a total of two variants at the protein level for Mal d 3.01 and three for Mal d 3.02. The consequences of our results for allergen nomenclature and the breeding of low allergenic apple cultivars are discussed.

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Section: Mapping Genes Of Interest Genetic Analysis and Breeding Aspmentioning

confidence: 99%

Linkage map positions and allelic diversity of two Mal d 3 (non-specific lipid transfer protein) genes in the cultivated apple (Malus domestica)

et al. 2005

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“…Over 30 Mal d 1 DNA sequences obtained from cDNA and gDNA of leaves and fruits of various apple cultivars (Vanek-Krebitz et al 1995;Hoffmann-Sommergruber et al 1997;Son et al 1999;Holm et al 2001;Ziadi et al 2001) were published in the database GenBank at the beginning of this study. Their phylogenetic tree indicated four distinct groups with seven members (Puehringer et al 2003).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Genomic cloning and linkage mapping of the Mal d 1 (PR-10) gene family in apple (Malus domestica)

et al. 2005

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Fresh apples can cause birch pollen-related food allergy in northern and central European populations, primarily because of the presence of Mal d 1, the major apple allergen that is cross-reactive to the homologous and sensitizing allergen Bet v 1 from birch. Apple cultivars differ significantly in their allergenicity. Knowledge of the genetic basis of these differences would direct breeding for hypoallergenic cultivars. The PCR genomic cloning and sequencing were performed on two cultivars, Prima and Fiesta, which resulted in 37 different Mal d 1 gDNA sequences. Based on the mapping of sequence-specific molecular markers, these sequences appeared to represent 18 Mal d 1 genes. Sixteen genes were located in two clusters, one cluster with seven genes on linkage group (LG) 13, and the other cluster with nine genes on the homoeologous LG 16. One gene was mapped on LG 6, and one remained unmapped. According to sequence identity, these 18 genes could be subdivided into four subfamilies. Subfamilies I-III had an intron of different size that was subfamily and genespecific. Subfamily IV consisted of 11 intronless genes. The deduced amino acid sequence identity varied from 65% to 81% among subfamilies, from 82% to 100% among genes within a subfamily, and from 97.5% to 100% among alleles of one gene. This study provides a better understanding of the genetics of Mal d 1 and the basis for further research on the occurrence of allelic diversity among cultivars in relation to allergenicity and their biological functions.

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“…Examples are Bet v 1 from birch (Swoboda et al, 1996), Mal d 1 from apple (Malus domestica; Vanek-Krebitz et al, 1995), Pru ar 1 from apricot (Prunus armeniaca), Pru av 1 from cherry (Neudecker et al, 2001), and Dau c 1 from carrot (Daucus carota; Yamamoto et al, 1997). On the other hand, several PR-10 proteins are up-regulated upon pathogen infection (Walter et al, 1990;Breda et al, 1996;Pü hringer et al, 2000;Park et al, 2004;Liu et al, 2005), have a direct and selective antifungal activity, or accumulate in overwintering organs of tree species, suggesting a key role in selective defense mechanisms against microbes and fungi and in protecting plants from abiotic stresses (Yu et al, 2000;Flores et al, 2002;Chadha and Das, 2006).…”

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“…On the other hand, several PR-10 proteins are up-regulated upon pathogen infection (Walter et al, 1990;Breda et al, 1996;Pü hringer et al, 2000;Park et al, 2004;Liu et al, 2005), have a direct and selective antifungal activity, or accumulate in overwintering organs of tree species, suggesting a key role in selective defense mechanisms against microbes and fungi and in protecting plants from abiotic stresses (Yu et al, 2000;Flores et al, 2002;Chadha and Das, 2006). In addition, a number of PR-10 proteins are constitutively expressed at different plant developmental stages and/ or in different tissues and organs, such as in seeds, roots (Sikorski et al, 1999), flowers, and senescent leaves (Breiteneder et al, 1989;Crowell et al, 1992;Barrat and Clark, 1993;Vanek-Krebitz et al, 1995;Sikorski et al, 1999), suggesting a role for PR-10 proteins also in developmental regulation.…”

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The RNA Hydrolysis and the Cytokinin Binding Activities of PR-10 Proteins Are Differently Performed by Two Isoforms of the Pru p 1 Peach Major Allergen and Are Possibly Functionally Related

et al. 2009

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PR-10 proteins are a family of pathogenesis-related (PR) allergenic proteins playing multifunctional roles. The peach (Prunus persica) major allergen, Pru p 1.01, and its isoform, Pru p 1.06D, were found highly expressed in the fruit skin at the pit hardening stage, when fruits transiently lose their susceptibility to the fungal pathogen Monilinia spp. To investigate the possible role of the two Pru p 1 isoforms in plant defense, the recombinant proteins were expressed in Escherichia coli and purified. Light scattering experiments and circular dichroism spectroscopy showed that both proteins are monomers in solution with secondary structures typical of PR-10 proteins. Even though the proteins do not display direct antimicrobial activity, they both act as RNases, a function possibly related to defense. The RNase activity is different for the two proteins, and only that of Pru p 1.01 is affected in the presence of the cytokinin zeatin, suggesting a physiological correlation between Pru p 1.01 ligand binding and enzymatic activity. The binding of zeatin to Pru p 1.01 was evaluated using isothermal titration calorimetry, which provided information on the stoichiometry and on the thermodynamic parameters of the interaction. The structural architecture of Pru p 1.01 and Pru p 1.06D was obtained by homology modeling, and the differences in the binding pockets, possibly accounting for the observed difference in binding activity, were evaluated.

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Cloning and Sequencing of Mal d 1, the Major Allergen from Apple (Malus domestica), and Its Immunological Relationship to Bet v 1, the Major Birch Pollen Allergen

Cited by 268 publications

References 0 publications

Linkage map positions and allelic diversity of two Mal d 3 (non-specific lipid transfer protein) genes in the cultivated apple (Malus domestica)

Linkage map positions and allelic diversity of two Mal d 3 (non-specific lipid transfer protein) genes in the cultivated apple (Malus domestica)

Genomic cloning and linkage mapping of the Mal d 1 (PR-10) gene family in apple (Malus domestica)

The RNA Hydrolysis and the Cytokinin Binding Activities of PR-10 Proteins Are Differently Performed by Two Isoforms of the Pru p 1 Peach Major Allergen and Are Possibly Functionally Related

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