Cloning and Expression of the Tibetan Pig Interleukin-23 Gene and Its Promotion of Immunity of Pigs to PCV2 Vaccine

Abstract

Vaccines against Porcine circovirus type 2 (PCV2) have been studied intensely and found to be effective in decreasing mortality and improving growth in swine populations. In this study, interleukin-23 (IL-23) gene was cloned from peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs) of Tibetan pigs and inserted into a eukaryotic VR1020 expression vector-VRIL23. Coated with chitosan (CS), the VRIL23-CS was intramuscularly injected into 3-week-old piglets with PCV2 vaccine. The blood was collected after vaccination at 0, 1, 2, 4, 8, and 12 weeks, respectively, to detect the immunological changes. The IgG2a and specific PCV2 antibodies were detected using ELISA, and blood CD4+ and CD8+ T cells were quantified by flow cytometry. Quantitative fluorescence PCR was used to evaluate the expression of immune genes. The results indicate that leukocytes, erythrocytes, and CD4+ and CD8+ T cells increased significantly in the blood of VRIL23-CS inoculated piglets in comparison with the control (p < 0.05) and so did the IgG2a and PCV2 antibodies. In addition, the expressions of Toll-like receptor (TLR) 2, TLR7, cluster of differentiation (CD) 45, IL-15, IL-12, signal transducer and activator of transcription (STAT)1, STAT2, STAT3, STAT4, and B-cell lymphoma (Bcl)-2 genes were also obviously higher in the VRIL23-CS inoculated pigs at different time points (p < 0.05). Overall, the results demonstrated that VRIL23-CS can enhance the comprehensive immune responses to PCV2 vaccine in vivo and has the promising potential to be developed into a safe and effective adjuvant to promote the immunity of pig against PCV disease.

Porcine Interleukin-17 and 22 Co-Expressed by Yarrowia lipolytica Enhance Immunity and Increase Protection against Bacterial Challenge in Mice and Piglets

“…In our animal experiments, the mice in the Po1h-pINA1297-IL-17/22 group displayed an evident promotion of growth compared to the control groups. Our previous works also found similar results that fusion protein IL-4/6 engineered by the same technique or single IL-23 and IL-17B both improved the animals’ growth performance [ 28 , 29 , 30 ]. The results indicate that Po1h-pINA1297-IL-17/22 has the effect of increasing body weight gain.…”

Gut Bacterial Composition and Functional Potential of Tibetan Pigs Under Semi-Grazing

“…Interestingly, when Tibetan pigs were introduced and bred in other areas, none ended up with non-acclimatization or sickness ( Wu et al, 2007 ). A DNA recombinant vaccine developed with Tibetan pig IL-23 gene was shown to enhance the overall immune responses of pigs against infections caused by Porcine circovirus type 2 ( Xiao et al, 2020 ).…”

Irradiated Non-replicative Lactic Acid Bacteria Preserve Metabolic Activity While Exhibiting Diverse Immune Modulation

“…plantarum and heat-treated Lc. paracasei were able to upregulate IL-23, which is one of the major effector molecules for Th17 maturation ( 49 ). Both gamma-irradiated treated L. acidophilus and Lc.…”