Cloning and expression analysis of a peptidoglycan recognition protein in silkworm related to virus infection

Gao, Kun; Deng, Xiangyuan; Qian, Heying; Qin, Guangxing; Hou, Chengxiang; Guo, Xijie

doi:10.1016/j.gene.2014.09.008

Cited by 25 publications

(21 citation statements)

References 25 publications

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“…Drosophila C virus infection led to increased PGRP-SA expression and SIGMAV infection resulted in increased expression of PGRP-SB1 and PGRP-SD in Drosophila 43. Similarly, Gao et al 2. reported that B. mori cytoplasmic polyhedrosis virus infection led to inceased expression of another PGRP gene, BmPGRP-S3 .…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 92%

“…The body surfaces, periotrophic matrices and alimentary canals are physical barriers to invading microbes; once the physical barriers are breached, epithelial cellular, hemocytic and humoral immune effectors are activated. Cellular immune reactions include phagocytosis, nodulation and, for larger invaders, encapsulation12. Cellular immunity is activated immediately an infection is detected and is responsible for clearing most infecting microbes from hemolymph circulation3.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

“…These proteins, including PGRP-SC and PGRP-LB, also act as negative modulators of the imd pathway, which protects flies from lethal excessive immune reaction to transient infection12. PGRPs also act in homeostasis of the Drosophila alimentary canal213, enabling the tolerance of indigenous microbes and elimination of pathogens. Taken with related findings in vertebrates, the PGRP family has a principal role in innate immune responses.…”

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confidence: 99%

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A peptidoglycan recognition protein acts in whitefly (Bemisia tabaci) immunity and involves in Begomovirus acquisition

Wang

Shi

Huang

et al. 2016

Sci Rep

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Peptidoglycan recognition proteins (PGRPs) are multifunctional pattern recognition proteins. Here, we report that a PGRP gene, BtPGRP, encodes a PGRP from the whitefly Bemisia tabaci (MEAM1) that binds and kills bacteria in vitro. We analyzed BtPGRP transcriptional profiling, and the distribution of the cognate protein within the midgut. Fungal infection and wasp parasitization induced expression of BtPGRP. Silencing BtPGRP with artificial media amended with dsRNA led to reduced expression of a gene encoding an antimicrobial peptide, B. tabaci c-type lysozyme. Begomovirus infection also led to increased expression of BtPGRP. We propose that BtPGRP has a potential Tomato yellow leaf curl virus (TYLCV) binding site because we detected in vitro interaction between BtPGRP and TYLCV by immunocapture PCR, and recorded the co-localization of TYLCV and BtPGRP in midguts. This work addresses a visible gap in understanding whitefly immunity and provides insight into how the whitefly immunity acts in complex mechanisms of Begomovirus transmission among plants.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 92%

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confidence: 99%

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confidence: 99%

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A peptidoglycan recognition protein acts in whitefly (Bemisia tabaci) immunity and involves in Begomovirus acquisition

Wang

Shi

Huang

et al. 2016

Sci Rep

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“…BmPGRP‐S1 was expressed in the haemocytes, fat body and epidermis, and there was a significant upregulation in the fat body of Enterobacter cloacae stimulated larvae (Ochiai & Ashida, ). BmPGRP‐S2 was induced in the integument (Yang et al ., ) and BmPGRP‐S3 was induced over 100‐fold by BmCPV in the midgut (Gao et al ., ). BmPGRP‐S5 was strongly induced in haemocytes and the fat body, but very weakly induced in the midgut by Pseudomonas aeruginosa and St. aureus (Chen et al ., ).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 97%

“…BmPGRP-S2 participates in IMD signalling (Yang et al, 2015). BmPGRP-S3 may play an important role in the immune response of the silkworm to B. mori cytoplasmic polyhedrosis virus (BmCPV) infection (Gao et al, 2014). BmPGRP-S5 is an antibacterial protein involved in the prophenoloxidase activation pathway (Chen et al, 2014).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Molecular cloning and characterization of a short peptidoglycan recognition protein from silkworm Bombyx mori

Yang

Zhan

et al. 2017

Insect Molecular Biology

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Peptidoglycan is the major bacterial component recognized by the insect immune system. Peptidoglycan recognition proteins (PGRPs) are a family of pattern-recognition receptors that recognize peptidoglycans and modulate innate immune responses. Some PGRPs retain N-acetylmuramoyl-L-alanine amidase (Enzyme Commission number: 3.5.1.28) activity to hydrolyse bacterial peptidoglycans. Others have lost the enzymatic activity and work only as immune receptors. They are all important modulators for innate immunity. Here, we report the cloning and functional analysis of PGRP-S4, a short-form PGRP from the domesticated silkworm, Bombyx mori. The PGRP-S4 gene encodes a protein of 199 amino acids with a signal peptide and a PGRP domain. PGRP-S4 was expressed in the fat body, haemocytes and midgut. Its expression level was significantly induced by bacterial challenges in the midgut. The recombinant PGRP-S4 bound bacteria and different peptidoglycans. In addition, it inhibited bacterial growth and hydrolysed an Escherichia coli peptidoglycan in the presence of Zn . Scanning electron microscopy showed that PGRP-S4 disrupted the bacterial cell surface. PGRP-S4 further increased prophenoloxidase activation caused by peptidoglycans. Taken together, our data suggest that B. mori PGRP-S4 has multiple functions in immunity.

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Antiviral defense against Cypovirus 1 (Reoviridae) infection in the silkworm, Bombyx mori

Swevers

Feng

Ren

et al. 2019

Arch Insect Biochem Physiol

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Recent years have shown a large increase in studies of infection of the silkworm (Bombyx mori) with Cypovirus 1 (previously designated as B. mori cytoplasmic polyhedrosis virus), that causes serious damage in sericulture. Cypovirus K E Y W O R D S Bombyx mori, cypovirus, cytoplasmic polyhedrosis virus, innate immune response, PAMP, RNAi, silkworm, transcriptional response, viral sensitivity factor

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Cloning and expression analysis of a peptidoglycan recognition protein in silkworm related to virus infection

Cited by 25 publications

References 25 publications

A peptidoglycan recognition protein acts in whitefly (Bemisia tabaci) immunity and involves in Begomovirus acquisition

A peptidoglycan recognition protein acts in whitefly (Bemisia tabaci) immunity and involves in Begomovirus acquisition

Molecular cloning and characterization of a short peptidoglycan recognition protein from silkworm Bombyx mori

Antiviral defense against Cypovirus 1 (Reoviridae) infection in the silkworm, Bombyx mori

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