Cloning and embryonic expression patterns of the chicken CELF family

Brimacombe, Kyle R.; Ladd, Andrea N.

doi:10.1002/dvdy.21209

Cited by 28 publications

(46 citation statements)

References 43 publications

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“…167). Preliminary analyses indicate that both CUG-BP and MBNL family members are expressed in somewhat tissue-restricted patterns and in smooth muscle tissues during development (21,96,167). Using a smooth-muscle specific alternative exon of ␣-actinin as a model, one group has proposed that CELF members ETR3 and CELF4 mediate the inclusion of this smooth muscle specific exon by overcoming the generalized repressive activity of the polypyrimidine tract binding protein (PTB) (71).…”

Section: Posttranscriptional Controlmentioning

confidence: 97%

Vascular smooth muscle phenotypic diversity and function

Fisher

2010

Physiological Genomics

141

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The control of force production in vascular smooth muscle is critical to the normal regulation of blood flow and pressure, and altered regulation is common to diseases such as hypertension, heart failure, and ischemia. A great deal has been learned about imbalances in vasoconstrictor and vasodilator signals, e.g., angiotensin, endothelin, norepinephrine, and nitric oxide, that regulate vascular tone in normal and disease contexts. In contrast there has been limited study of how the phenotypic state of the vascular smooth muscle cell may influence the contractile response to these signaling pathways dependent upon the developmental, tissue-specific (vascular bed) or disease context. Smooth, skeletal, and cardiac muscle lineages are traditionally classified into fast or slow sublineages based on rates of contraction and relaxation, recognizing that this simple dichotomy vastly underrepresents muscle phenotypic diversity. A great deal has been learned about developmental specification of the striated muscle sublineages and their phenotypic interconversions in the mature animal under the control of mechanical load, neural input, and hormones. In contrast there has been relatively limited study of smooth muscle contractile phenotypic diversity. This is surprising given the number of diseases in which smooth muscle contractile dysfunction plays a key role. This review focuses on smooth muscle contractile phenotypic diversity in the vascular system, how it is generated, and how it may determine vascular function in developmental and disease contexts.

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Section: Posttranscriptional Controlmentioning

confidence: 97%

Vascular smooth muscle phenotypic diversity and function

Fisher

2010

Physiological Genomics

141

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“…No ESTs of potential Brunol6 could be found either in X. laevis or tropicalis. The predicted partial sequence listed as X. tropicalis BRUNOL6 (CELF6) in Brimacombe and Ladd (2007) was proved to be the C-terminal part of BRUNOL1. It is possible that Brunol6 is missing in Xenopus.…”

Section: Isolation and Phylogenetic Analysis Of Xenopus Brunol Genesmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The same family was also named CELF (CUG-BP1 and ETR-3 Like Factors) (Ladd et al, 2001). For the correspondence between these two systems please refer to Barreau et al (2006) and Brimacombe and Ladd (2007). BRUNOL family proteins contain three RNA recognition motifs (RRMs), two in the Nterminal region and one in the C-terminal region.…”

Section: Abstract: Brunol Celf Xenopus Expression Patternmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…In chicken, 5 Brunol genes have been isolated, with Brunol1 (CELF3) missing. Among them, Brunol2 and 3 (CUG-BP1 and ETR-3) are broadly expressed in the early embryos, while Brunol4-6 (CELF4-6) are restricted primarily to the nervous system (Brimacombe and Ladd, 2007). In addition to Bruno, there are two more Brunol genes in Drosophila, Bru-2 and 3, of which the expressions and functions are still unknown (Delaunay et al, 2004).…”

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confidence: 99%

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Differential expression of the Brunol/CELF family genes during Xenopus laevis early development

Wu¹,

Li²,

Song³

et al. 2010

Int. J. Dev. Biol.

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The BRUNOL/CELF family of RNA-binding proteins plays important roles in posttranscriptional regulation and has been implicated in several developmental processes. In this study, we describe the cloning and expression patterns of five Brunol genes in Xenopus laevis. Among them, only Brunol2 is maternally expressed and the zygotic expression of the other four Brunol genes starts at different developmental stages. During Xenopus development, Brunol1, 4-5 are exclusively expressed in the nervous system including domains in the brain, spinal cord, optic and otic vesicles. Brunol2 and 3 are expressed in both the somatic mesoderm and the nervous system. Brunol2 is also extensively expressed in the lens. In transfected Hela cells, BRUNOL1, 2 and 3 proteins are localized in both the cytoplasm and the nucleus, while BRUNOL4 and 5 are only present in the cytoplasm, indicating their different functions. KEY WORDS: Brunol, CELF, Xenopus, expression patternThe BRUNOL (Bruno-like) family of RNA-binding proteins has been implicated in several post-transcriptional regulatory processes including pre-mRNA alternative splicing, mRNA stability and translation. The family was named due to their protein sequence similarity to Drosophila melanogaster Bruno (Good et al., 2000). The same family was also named CELF (CUG-BP1 and ETR-3 Like Factors) (Ladd et al., 2001). For the correspondence between these two systems please refer to Barreau et al. (2006) and Brimacombe and Ladd (2007). BRUNOL family proteins contain three RNA recognition motifs (RRMs), two in the Nterminal region and one in the C-terminal region. The RRMs show a high degree of sequence similarity but the sequences of the linker region between the second and third RRMs are less conserved (Barreau et al., 2006).Mammalian BRUNOL family of proteins contains six members. A phylogenetic analysis suggests that the human BRUNOL proteins fall into two distinct subfamilies: one contains BRUNOL2, 3 (CUG-BP1 and ETR-3), and the other BRUNOL1, 4-6 (CELF3-6) . Brunol2 and 3 are broadly expressed in adult human and mice tissues, with strong expression in the heart, skeletal muscle, and brain (Good et al., 2000;Ladd et al., 2001;. In contrast, Brunol1, 4, 5 and 6 are mainly Int. J. Dev. Biol. 54: 209-214 (2010) expressed in the brain (Good et al., 2000;Ladd et al., 2001;Yang et al., 2007) with Brunol6 also in the kidney and testis . In chicken, 5 Brunol genes have been isolated, with Brunol1 (CELF3) missing. Among them, Brunol2 and 3 (CUG-BP1 and ETR-3) are broadly expressed in the early embryos, while Brunol4-6 (CELF4-6) are restricted primarily to the nervous system (Brimacombe and Ladd, 2007). In addition to Bruno, there are two more Brunol genes in Drosophila, Bru-2 and 3, of which the expressions and functions are still unknown (Delaunay et al., 2004). There are two Brunol homologous genes in C. elegans,[4][5][6]. etr-1 is expressed in muscle cells (Milne and Hodgkin, 1999) while unc-75 in the nervous system (Loria et al., 2003). These data suggest that the two subfamili...

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“…CELF proteins often serve multiple functions in both the cytoplasm and the nucleus [42], [43]. Human CELF1 and its orthologs in Gallus gallus, Zebrafish, Xenopus, Drosophila and C. elegans have been known for many years to regulate gene expression at posttranscriptional levels and to control important developmental processes [31], [44], [45], [46], [47], [48], [49].…”

Section: Evolutionary Conservation Of Celf Proteinsmentioning

confidence: 99%