Cloning and Characterization of a Novel Chondroitin Sulfate/Dermatan Sulfate 4-O-Endosulfatase from a Marine Bacterium

Abstract

Background:To date, few glycosaminoglycan (GAG) endosulfatases have been identified. Results: A novel chondroitin sulfate/dermatan sulfate (CS/DS) endosulfatase was identified for the first time from a marine bacterium. Conclusion: The endosulfatase has low homology to the conventional GAG sulfatases and can specifically remove 4-O-sulfate from CS/DS chains. Significance: The endosulfatase will be a useful tool for CS/DS-related research and applications.

A chondroitin sulfate and hyaluronic acid lyase with poor activity to glucuronyl 4,6-O-disulfated N-acetylgalactosamine (E-type)–containing structures

“…This result is similar to the observation that the sulfation of GlcUA in the D unit interferes with the abilities of CSase AC I and HCLase to cleave the bond before the D unit (45). This speculation was proven by the desulfation of ΔE-E using a 4-O-endosulfatase identified by our group (38), which showed that the selectively desulfated substrate could be easily digested by HCLase Er.…”

“…Furthermore, to exclude the possibility that it may be the CS/DS-derived unsaturated trisulfated disaccharide (Δ 4,5 HexUA(2S)1-3GalNAc(4S,6S), ΔT unit), this fraction was treated with a 4-O-endosulfatase, which can effectively remove the 4-O-sulfate group from the ΔT unit (38), followed by an analysis by anion-exchange HPLC. The results showed that the fraction 8 was also resistant to the digestion by the 4-O-endosulfatase (data not shown), indicating it was not the ΔT unit.…”

Molecular interactions between chondroitin–dermatan sulfate and growth factors/receptors/matrix proteins

“…The sequencing of oligosaccharides is a prerequisite for solving the issues involved in the structure-function relationship of CS-DS or glycosaminoglycans. Although several groups have reported a novel method to determine CS-DS oligosaccharide sequences [50] as well as novel enzymes including chondroitinase [51], CS hydrolase [52], and CS endosulfatase [53], they are still insufficient for practical applications. An ideal procedure is the single molecule sequencing of glycosaminoglycan oligosaccharides.…”

Mating in the Closest Living Relatives of Animals Is Induced by a Bacterial Chondroitinase

“…The glycosaminoglycan cleavage activity of purified Eros was determined in vitro as previously described (Wang et al, 2015). Briefly, GAG standards [hyaluronic acid (Sigma #H5388), chondroitin sulfate (Sigma #C4384), dermatan sulfate (Sigma #C3788), and heparin (Sigma #H3393)] were dissolved to a concentration of 1 mg/mL in buffer solution (50 mM NaH 2 PO 4 /Na 2 HPO 4 , 0.5 M NaCl, pH 8.0).…”