Cloning and characterization of a new hetero-gene cluster of nonribosomal peptide synthetase and polyketide synthase from the cyanobacterium Microcystis aeruginosa K-139

Cyanobacterial lipopeptides have antimicrobial and antifungal bioactivities with potential for use in pharmaceutical research. However, due to their hemolytic activity and cytotoxic effects on human cells, they may pose a health issue if produced in substantial amounts in the environment. In bacteria, lipopeptides can be synthesized via several well-evidenced mechanisms. In one of them, fatty acyl-AMP ligase (FAAL) initiates biosynthesis by activation of a fatty acyl residue. We have performed a bioinformatic survey of the cyanobacterial genomic information available in the public databases for the presence of FAAL-containing non-ribosomal peptide synthetase/polyketide synthetase (NRPS/PKS) biosynthetic clusters, as a genetic basis for lipopeptide biosynthesis. We have identified 79 FAAL genes associated with various NRPS/PKS clusters in 16% of 376 cyanobacterial genomic assemblies available, suggesting that FAAL is frequently incorporated in NRPS/PKS biosynthetases. FAAL was present either as a stand-alone protein or fused either to NRPS or PKS. Such clusters were more frequent in derived phylogenetic lineages with larger genome sizes, which is consistent with the general pattern of NRPS/PKS pathways distribution. The putative lipopeptide clusters were more frequently found in genomes of cyanobacteria that live attached to surfaces and are capable of forming microbial biofilms. While lipopeptides are known in other bacterial groups to play a role in biofilm formation, motility, and colony expansion, their functions in cyanobacterial biofilms need to be tested experimentally. According to our data, benthic and terrestrial cyanobacteria should be the focus of a search for novel candidates for lipopeptide drug synthesis and the monitoring of toxic lipopeptide production.

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“…One supposedly produces puwainaphycins and the other two are orphan gene clusters (, and ; Nishizawa et al. , Kampa et al. , Mareš et al.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Genome mining reveals high incidence of putative lipopeptide biosynthesis NRPS/PKS clusters containing fatty acyl‐AMP ligase genes in biofilm‐forming cyanobacteria

Galica

Hrouzek

Mareš

2017

Journal of Phycology

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“…The genome of the M. aeruginosa strain PCC 7806 [19] was used as reference but when the compared gene cluster was absent from this genome, those of PCC 7941, PCC 9432, PCC 9806 and NIES-843 [18] or the gene cluster psm3 from Microcystis sp. K139 [29] were used. Adenylation specificity was checked using online NRPS predictor (http://www-ab.informatik.uni-tuebingen.de/software/NRPSpredictor; [30]).…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

A Tribute to Disorder in the Genome of the Bloom-Forming Freshwater Cyanobacterium Microcystis aeruginosa

et al. 2013

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Microcystis aeruginosa is one of the most common bloom-forming cyanobacteria in freshwater ecosystems worldwide. This species produces numerous secondary metabolites, including microcystins, which are harmful to human health. We sequenced the genomes of ten strains of M. aeruginosa in order to explore the genomic basis of their ability to occupy varied environments and proliferate. Our findings show that M. aeruginosa genomes are characterized by having a large open pangenome, and that each genome contains similar proportions of core and flexible genes. By comparing the GC content of each gene to the mean value of the whole genome, we estimated that in each genome, around 11% of the genes seem to result from recent horizontal gene transfer events. Moreover, several large gene clusters resulting from HGT (up to 19 kb) have been found, illustrating the ability of this species to integrate such large DNA molecules. It appeared also that all M. aeruginosa displays a large genomic plasticity, which is characterized by a high proportion of repeat sequences and by low synteny values between the strains. Finally, we identified 13 secondary metabolite gene clusters, including three new putative clusters. When comparing the genomes of Microcystis and Prochlorococcus, one of the dominant picocyanobacteria living in marine ecosystems, our findings show that they are characterized by having almost opposite evolutionary strategies, both of which have led to ecological success in their respective environments.

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“…Note that psm3 is a mixed NRPS/ PKS bi-directional operon that has been reported from several Microcystis sp. strains (Nishizawa et al, 2007;Humbert et al, 2013), although its product remains uncharacterized. Piricyclamides are a sub-group of structurally diverse cyclic peptides (cyanobactins) that are widely distributed within the genus Microcystis (Leikoski et al, 2012).…”

Section: Identification Of Other Microcystis Secondary Metabolitesmentioning

confidence: 99%

The molecular ecology of Microcystis sp. blooms in the San Francisco Estuary

Otten

Paerl

Dreher

et al. 2017

Environmental Microbiology

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Harmful blooms of the cyanobacterium Microcystis sp. have become increasingly pervasive in the San Francisco Estuary Delta (USA) since the early 2000s and their rise has coincided with substantial decreases in several important fish species. Direct and indirect effects Microcystis blooms may have on the Delta food web were investigated. The Microcystis population was tracked for 2 years at six sites throughout the Delta using quantitative PCR. High-throughput amplicon sequencing and colony PCR sequencing revealed the presence of 10 different strains of Microcystis, including 6 different microcystin-producing strains. Shotgun metagenomic analysis identified a variety of Microcystis secondary metabolite pathways, including those for the biosynthesis of: aeruginosin, cyanopeptolin, microginin, microviridin and piricyclamide. A sizable reduction was observed in microbial community diversity during a large Microcystis bloom (H' = 0.61) relative to periods preceding (H' = 2.32) or following (H' = 3.71) the bloom. Physicochemical conditions of the water column were stable throughout the bloom period. The elevated abundance of a cyanomyophage with high similarity to previously sequenced isolates known to infect Microcystis sp. was implicated in the bloom's collapse. Network analysis was employed to elucidate synergistic and antagonistic relationships between Microcystis and other bacteria and indicated that only very few taxa were positively correlated with Microcystis.

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Cloning and characterization of a new hetero-gene cluster of nonribosomal peptide synthetase and polyketide synthase from the cyanobacterium Microcystis aeruginosa K-139

Cited by 13 publications

References 36 publications

Genome mining reveals high incidence of putative lipopeptide biosynthesis NRPS/PKS clusters containing fatty acyl‐AMP ligase genes in biofilm‐forming cyanobacteria

Genome mining reveals high incidence of putative lipopeptide biosynthesis NRPS/PKS clusters containing fatty acyl‐AMP ligase genes in biofilm‐forming cyanobacteria

A Tribute to Disorder in the Genome of the Bloom-Forming Freshwater Cyanobacterium Microcystis aeruginosa

The molecular ecology of Microcystis sp. blooms in the San Francisco Estuary

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