“…Field diagnosis of TSWV infections based on symptoms may mislead as the virus induces a variety of symptoms, often influenced by environment. ELISA, dot-blot hybridization, RT-PCR, immunocapture-RT-PCR (IC-RT-PCR), and real-time fluorescent RT-PCR were applied for the detection of TSWV and other tospoviruses (Bandla et al, 1994;Boonham et al, 2002;Huguenot et al, 1990;Jain, Pappu, Pappu, Culbreath, & Todd, 1998;Resende, de Avila, Goldbach, & Peters, 1991;Rice, German, Mau, & Fujimoto, 1990;Ronco et al, 1989;Weekes, Mumford, Barker, & Wood, 1996).…”