Clonal spread of SCCmec type IV methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus between community and hospital

Huang, Yu-Hsuan; Tseng, Sung-Pin; Hu, Jen-Jan; Tsai, Jui‐Chang; Hsueh, Po-Ren; Teng, Lee‐Jene

doi:10.1111/j.1469-0691.2007.01718.x

Cited by 85 publications

(65 citation statements)

References 39 publications

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“…It has been found in CA-MRSA isolates predominantly in Australia (670) and Taiwan (411,414,975). SCCmec type V is rare in Europe and the United States.…”

Section: Sccmec Types IV and V In Ca-mrsa Isolatesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Community-Associated Methicillin-ResistantStaphylococcus aureus: Epidemiology and Clinical Consequences of an Emerging Epidemic

2010

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SUMMARY Staphylococcus aureus is an important cause of skin and soft-tissue infections (SSTIs), endovascular infections, pneumonia, septic arthritis, endocarditis, osteomyelitis, foreign-body infections, and sepsis. Methicillin-resistant S. aureus (MRSA) isolates were once confined largely to hospitals, other health care environments, and patients frequenting these facilities. Since the mid-1990s, however, there has been an explosion in the number of MRSA infections reported in populations lacking risk factors for exposure to the health care system. This increase in the incidence of MRSA infection has been associated with the recognition of new MRSA clones known as community-associated MRSA (CA-MRSA). CA-MRSA strains differ from the older, health care-associated MRSA strains; they infect a different group of patients, they cause different clinical syndromes, they differ in antimicrobial susceptibility patterns, they spread rapidly among healthy people in the community, and they frequently cause infections in health care environments as well. This review details what is known about the epidemiology of CA-MRSA strains and the clinical spectrum of infectious syndromes associated with them that ranges from a commensal state to severe, overwhelming infection. It also addresses the therapy of these infections and strategies for their prevention.

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“…It has been found in CA-MRSA isolates predominantly in Australia (670) and Taiwan (411,414,975). SCCmec type V is rare in Europe and the United States.…”

Section: Sccmec Types IV and V In Ca-mrsa Isolatesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Community-Associated Methicillin-ResistantStaphylococcus aureus: Epidemiology and Clinical Consequences of an Emerging Epidemic

2010

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“…The CA-MRSA strains that have spread most rapidly belong to one of five clonal groups and are associated with specific STs in each case, i.e., ST1 (corresponding to the USA400 clonal group) (48,66), ST8 (USA300 and USA500) (7,15,21,25,33), ST59 (USA1000) (30,68), ST80 (Europe) (66), and ST30 (Pacific) (15,48). Although not absolute (57), an association between the clinical spectrum of infections caused by CA-MRSA and the presence of Panton-Valentine leukocidin (PVL) genes, which code for the production of cytotoxins that cause tissue necrosis and leukocyte destruction, has been noted (24).…”

Section: Vol 192 2010mentioning

confidence: 99%

Production of the Bsa Lantibiotic by Community-Acquired Staphylococcus aureus Strains

Daly¹,

Upton

Sandiford

et al. 2010

J Bacteriol

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Lantibiotics are antimicrobial peptides that have been the focus of much attention in recent years with a view to clinical, veterinary, and food applications. Although many lantibiotics are produced by food-grade bacteria or bacteria generally regarded as safe, some lantibiotics are produced by pathogens and, rather than contributing to food safety and/or health, add to the virulence potential of the producing strains. Indeed, genome sequencing has revealed the presence of genes apparently encoding a lantibiotic, designated Bsa (bacteriocin of Staphylococcus aureus), among clinical isolates of S. aureus and those associated with community-acquired methicillin-resistant S. aureus (MRSA) infections in particular. Here, we establish for the first time, through a combination of reverse genetics, mass spectrometry, and mutagenesis, that these genes encode a functional lantibiotic. We also reveal that Bsa is identical to the previously identified bacteriocin staphylococcin Au-26, produced by an S. aureus strain of vaginal origin. Our examination of MRSA isolates that produce the Panton-Valentine leukocidin demonstrates that many community-acquired S. aureus strains, and representatives of ST8 and ST80 in particular, are producers of Bsa. While possession of Bsa immunity genes does not significantly enhance resistance to the related lantibiotic gallidermin, the broad antimicrobial spectrum of Bsa strongly indicates that production of this bacteriocin confers a competitive ecological advantage on communityacquired S. aureus.

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“…In three Czech strains of S. aureus, the presence of lukS-PV a lukF-PV genes were determined by the National Reference Laboratory in the year 2004 and found to belong to CA-MRSA 56 . Antimicrobial resistance tests and selected methods of molecular biology demonstrated that their characteristics diff er from the multi-drug resistant HA-MRSA strains described in hospital patients 14,39,[57][58][59][60][61][62][63][64][65][66][67][68][69][70] .…”

Section: Current Knowledge Of Methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus Aumentioning

confidence: 99%

Current Knowledge of Methicillin-Resistant Staphylococcus Aureus and Community-Associated Methicillin-Resistant Staphylococcus Aureus

Matousková¹,

Janout²

2008

BIOMED PAP

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Background: Bacterial strains that are oxacillin and methicillin-resistant, historically termed methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) are resistant to all ß-lactam agents, including cephalosporins and carbapenems. MRSA are pathogenic and have a number of virulence factors that enable them to result in disease. They are transmissible and important causes of nosocomial infections worldwide. An MRSA outbreak can occur when one strain is transmitted to other patients or through close contacts of infected persons in the community. Hospital-associated MRSA (HA-MRSA) isolates are also frequent causes of healthcare-associated bloodstream and catheter-related infections. Community-associated MRSA (CA-MRSA) isolates are often only resistant to beta-lactam agents and erythromycin but they are an emerging cause of community-associated infections, ecpecially skin and soft tissue infections (SSTI) and necrotizing pneumonia.Methods: Current possibilities for detecting MRSA strains in the laboratory are reviewed and discussed in the context of the recent literature.Results and Conclusion: The active surveillance and prevention of MRSA occurence and spreading in hospitals are discussed in the context of recent literature.

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Clonal spread of SCCmec type IV methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus between community and hospital

Cited by 85 publications

References 39 publications

Community-Associated Methicillin-ResistantStaphylococcus aureus: Epidemiology and Clinical Consequences of an Emerging Epidemic

Community-Associated Methicillin-ResistantStaphylococcus aureus: Epidemiology and Clinical Consequences of an Emerging Epidemic

Production of the Bsa Lantibiotic by Community-Acquired Staphylococcus aureus Strains

Current Knowledge of Methicillin-Resistant Staphylococcus Aureus and Community-Associated Methicillin-Resistant Staphylococcus Aureus

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