Clonal Relationship among Atypical Enteropathogenic
            <i>Escherichia coli</i>
            Strains Isolated from Different Animal Species and Humans

Moura, Rodrigo Assunção; Sircili, Marcelo Palma; Leomil, Luciana; Matté, Maria Helena; Trabulsi, Luíz Rachid; Elias, Waldir P.; Irino, Kinue; Castro, Antonio Fernando Pestana de

doi:10.1128/aem.00636-09

Cited by 61 publications

(64 citation statements)

References 82 publications

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“…Since ELF and F17 are found in the zoonotic EHEC and ETEC, respectively, it is reasonable to suggest that aEPEC may be able to colonize certain animals. More studies are required to determine the relevance of this gene in aEPEC's biology, since strains of this pathogroup have been found in different animal species (29). While curli have been associated with different properties related to virulence in E. coli and S. enterica, we found that approximately 20% of the aEPEC strains harbored csgA, in contrast to csgD, which was found in 97% of the strains.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 40%

Fimbrial Adhesins Produced by Atypical Enteropathogenic Escherichia coli Strains

Hernandes

Velsko

Sampaio³

et al. 2011

Appl Environ Microbiol

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Atypical enteropathogenic Escherichia coli (aEPEC) has emerged as a significant cause of pediatric diarrhea worldwide; however, information regarding its adherence mechanisms to the human gut mucosa is lacking. In this study, we investigated the prevalence of several (fimA, ecpA, csgA, elfA, and hcpA) fimbrial genes in 71 aEPEC strains isolated from children with diarrhea (54 strains) and healthy individuals (17 strains) in Brazil and Australia by PCR. These genes are associated with adhesion and/or biofilm formation of pathogenic and commensal E. coli. Here, the most prevalent fimbrial genes found, in descending order, were hcpA (98.6%), ecpA (86%), fimA (76%), elfA (72%), and csgA (19.7%). Phenotypic expression of pili in aEPEC strains was assessed by several approaches. We were not able to detect the hemorrhagic coli pilus (HCP) or the E. coli lamininbinding fimbriae (ELF) in these strains by using immunofluorescence. Type 1 pili and curli were detected in 59% (by yeast agglutination) and 2.8% (by Congo red binding and immunofluorescence) of the strains, respectively. The E. coli common pilus (ECP) was evidenced in 36.6% of the strains on bacteria adhering to HeLa cells by immunofluorescence, suggesting that ECP could play an important role in cell adherence for some aEPEC strains. This study highlights the complex nature of the adherence mechanisms of aEPEC strains involving the coordinated function of fimbrial (e.g., ECP) and nonfimbrial (e.g., intimin) adhesins and indicates that these strains bear several pilus operons that could potentially be expressed in different niches favoring colonization and survival in and outside the host.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 40%

Fimbrial Adhesins Produced by Atypical Enteropathogenic Escherichia coli Strains

Hernandes

Velsko

Sampaio³

et al. 2011

Appl Environ Microbiol

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“…Enteropathogenic Escherichia coli (EPEC) is one of the major causes of diarrhoea among children in developing countries (Hernandes et al, 2009;Moura et al, 2009). The pathogenesis of EPEC depends on the locus of enterocyte effacement (LEE), a chromosomal pathogenicity island.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Molecular analysis of typical and atypical enteropathogenic Escherichia coli (EPEC) isolated from children with diarrhoea

Nakhjavani

Emaneini

Hosseini

et al. 2013

Journal of Medical Microbiology

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Diarrhoea continues to be one of the most common causes of morbidity and mortality among infants and children in developing countries. To investigate the incidence, antimicrobial resistance and genetic relationships of enteropathogenic Escherichia coli (EPEC) in children with diarrhoea, a total of 612 stool specimens were collected in Tehran, Iran, and cultured to isolate strains of EPEC. The disc diffusion method was used to determine the susceptibility of the isolates according to the Clinical and Laboratory Standards Institute (CLSI) guidelines. The presence of eae, stx and bfp-A genes was determined by PCR. The genetic relationships between EPEC isolates were determined by pulsed-field gel electrophoresis (PFGE). Out of the 412 strains of E. coli obtained from 612 diarrhoeal stool specimens, 23 (5.6 %) were identified as EPEC, of which seven (30.4 %) were classified as typical strains of EPEC and 16 (69.6 %) were classified as atypical. Out of the 23 EPEC isolates, 69.5 % were resistant to ampicillin, 39.1 % were resistant to tetracycline and cotrimoxazole, 30.4 % were resistant to cefpodoxime, ceftazidime, ceftriaxone and aztreonam, and 26.1 % were resistant to imipenem. The isolates were classified into 21 pulsotypes by PFGE profiles. The present study shows that typical and atypical EPEC isolates displayed considerable heterogeneity in PFGE profiles and EPEC infections were only sporadic in Tehran. Overall 69 % of isolates were resistant to at least one of the antibiotics tested. INTRODUCTIONEnteropathogenic Escherichia coli (EPEC) is one of the major causes of diarrhoea among children in developing countries (Hernandes et al., 2009;Moura et al., 2009). The pathogenesis of EPEC depends on the locus of enterocyte effacement (LEE), a chromosomal pathogenicity island. The LEE contains a number of different genes, including eae, which has an essential role in inducing a characteristic lesion formation in the intestinal epithelium, termed an attaching and effacing (A/E) lesion (Elliott et al., 1998;Vallance & Finlay 2000;Kaper et al., 2004). The eae gene encodes intimin, a 94 kDa outer-membrane protein that is responsible for the intimate adherence between bacterial and enterocyte membranes (Vallance & Finlay, 2000;Trabulsi et al., 2002). EPEC strains are classified as typical or atypical, according to the presence or absence of the E. coli adherence factor plasmid (EAF) that carries the bfpA gene, which encodes the bundle-forming pili (Hernandes et al., 2009). The most typical EPEC strains belong to the classic O : H serotypes and are eae-and bfpA-positive (Ochoa et al., 2008). The atypical EPEC isolates are eaepositive and bfpA-and stx (the gene encoding shiga-like toxin)-negative. EPEC are among the most important pathogens infecting children under 2 years of age in the developing world (Ochoa et al., 2008). Recent studies indicate that atypical EPEC is more prevalent than typical Abbreviations: EPEC, enteropathogenic Escherichia coli; LEE, locus of enterocyte effacement; PFGE, pulsed-field gel electrophore...

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“…Animal and human origin EPEC strains possess similar virulence factors and are clonally related based on multilocus sequence typing and pulsed-field gel electrophoresis (28). Studies have confirmed that human and rabbit origin EPEC strains cause characteristic attaching and effacing (A/E) lesions in infant pigs, regardless of the isolate's original host species, indicating that EPEC colonization is not host dependent (27).…”

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confidence: 99%

Enzootic Enteropathogenic Escherichia coli Infection in Laboratory Rabbits

et al. 2012

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bEnteropathogenic Escherichia coli (EPEC) is the most important cause of persistent diarrhea in children, particularly in developing countries. Animals serve as pathogenic E. coli reservoirs, and compelling evidence for cross-species EPEC transmission exists. In this report, enzootic EPEC infection associated with up to 10.5% diarrhea-associated morbidity in a large laboratory Dutch Belted rabbit colony was investigated. These rabbits were obtained from a commercial vendor and had acute diarrhea following shipment. Fecal culture of 20 rabbits yielded 48 E. coli isolates, 83% of which were eae positive. Repetitive sequencebased PCR (REP-PCR) and serologic analysis identified a single disease-associated EPEC O145:H2 strain. In sampled rabbits, EPEC-positive culture and the presence of diarrhea were significantly associated. This strain displayed a localized adherence-like HEp-2 cell adherence pattern, as seen in diarrheic human infant EPEC isolates. Treatment was instituted with the fluoroquinolone antibiotic enrofloxacin, to which all isolates were susceptible. Preshipment parenteral enrofloxacin administration reduced diarrhea-associated morbidity 22-fold and mortality 12-fold in subsequent deliveries. This report emphasizes the zoonotic potential of animal EPEC strains and the need for virulence determinant-based screening of E. coli isolates from diarrheic animals.

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Clonal Relationship among Atypical Enteropathogenic Escherichia coli Strains Isolated from Different Animal Species and Humans

Cited by 61 publications

References 82 publications

Fimbrial Adhesins Produced by Atypical Enteropathogenic Escherichia coli Strains

Fimbrial Adhesins Produced by Atypical Enteropathogenic Escherichia coli Strains

Molecular analysis of typical and atypical enteropathogenic Escherichia coli (EPEC) isolated from children with diarrhoea

Enzootic Enteropathogenic Escherichia coli Infection in Laboratory Rabbits

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