Clonal Propagation of Quercus Spp. Using a Container Layering Technique

Abstract

Clonal propagation of two oak species, Quercus macrocarpa Michx. and Quercus bicolor Willd. was accomplished using a modified container layering technique. The effects of gibberellin (GA4+7) application on stock plant budbreak, as well as the effect of shoot position, stock plant age, and the role of indole butyric acid (IBA) solvents on rooting were investigated. Five hundred parts per million of GA4+7 applied once every fourth day increased budbreak in both Q. macrocarpa and Q. bicolor stock plants. Basal shoots of Q. bicolor from ontogenetically juvenile portions of the stock plant stem rooted 35.7% compared with 1.8% for shoots arising in more distal parts of the stock plant stem. In addition, stock plant age (2-6 years) had no effect on rooting. The effect of the various IBA solvents on rooting in Q. bicolor was 84.3% (98% ethanol), 81.3% (50% acetone), 100% (100% acetone), 28.6% (5% dimethyl sulphoxide-DMSO) and 65% in 10% DMSO respectively; all shoots in this experiment were treated with 10,000 ppm IBA in the respective solvents. IBA dissolved in DMSO treatments resulted in severe apical browning of shoots.

Methods of Auxin Application in Cutting Propagation: A Review of 70 Years of Scientific Discovery and Commercial Practice

“…Isopropyl alcohol and ethyl alcohol are common solvents in liquid formulations (50). Other solvents or carriers that have been used in commercial and noncommercial auxin formulations include acetone, methanol, dimethylsulfoxide (DMSO), dimethylformamide (DMF), polyethylene glycol, propylene glycol, and ethylene glycol (3,38,39,47,89). Commercial auxin formulations containing fungicides, bo-ron, and chlorophyll extract have also been used in cutting propagation (47).…”

“…Received for publicationSeptember 11, 2006; in revised form April 10, 2007 2 Assistant Research Professor. <blythe@pss.msstate.edu> 3. Alumni Professor <sibleje@auburn.edu> and Professor <tiltken@auburn.edu>, respectively.…”

Gibberellic Acid 4+7 Influences Shoot Growth of Seedling Pecan and Bitternut Hickory

“…Further studies should explore these trends to determine if gibberellins could effectively reverse the lag-phase shoot development of some hickories as seedlings without negatively impacting crop quality. While gibberellins have been utilized in modifying shoot growth (Amissah and Bassuk 2004, Eshed et al 1996, Ranwala et al 2003, flowering (Evans et al 1992, Harkess andLyons 1994), fruit development (Knoche et al 2011, McArtney et al 2014, Schmidt et al 2008, or combinations of these features (Sarmiento andKuehny 2003, Lordan et al 2017) of many horticultural crops, few attempts have been made to manipulate the determinate nature of shoots of hickories. Taylor (1973) imposed treatments of sprays of gibberellic acid on seedlings of pecan which resulted in tall, spindly growth.…”