Clonal diversity and antimicrobial resistance of Enterococcus faecalis isolated from endodontic infections

Al-Badah, Abdulhakim Suliman; Ibrahim, Abdelnasser S.S.; Al‐Salamah, Ali A.; Ibrahim, Shebl Salah Shebl

doi:10.1016/j.ejbt.2015.03.004

Cited by 12 publications

(12 citation statements)

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“…In dental research, very few studies have used RAPD-PCR for molecular typing of enterococci. Al Badah et al (15) used RAPD-PCR to study 21 E. faecalis isolates, including 19 from primary endodontic infections and 2 from retreated root canals isolated in Saudi patients. Cluster analysis of the RAPD-PCR profiles discriminated five different genotypes.…”

Section: -Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Furthermore they can be applied in many research environments and with minimal equipment. As such, RAPD-PCR methods have often been considered as 'gold standards' in molecular typing and analysis by this method is widely accepted and regarded as a reliable tool for differentiating and identifying enterococci (15). However, these approaches have not been extensively used for oral enterococci.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Comparison of genotypes, antimicrobial resistance and virulence profiles of oral and non oral Enterococcus faecalis from Brazil, Japan and the United Kingdom

Lins

Hirata

Wilson

et al. 2019

Journal of Dentistry

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Objectives:To determine whether phenotypic and genotypic differences amongst isolates of Enterococcus faecalis relate to geographical and clinical origin. Methods: E. faecalis from primary endodontic infections in Brazilian patients (n=20), oral infections in UK patients (n=10), and non-oral infections in Japanese patients (n=9) were studied. In addition, 20 environmental vancomycin resistant Enterococcus faecalis (VRE) isolates from a UK hospital were analysed. For all isolates, polymerase chain reaction (PCR) was used to detect genes associated with antibiotic resistance and virulence, whilst randomly amplified polymorphic DNA-PCR (RAPD-PCR) was used to produce molecular profiles. Results: Gelatinase gene (gelE) was prevalent amongst isolates (77-100%) and for oral isolates, genes of aggregation substances (agg), immune evasion protein (esp), cytolysin (cylB), tetracycline resistance (tetM; tetL) and erythromycin resistance (ermB) were detected to varying extent. Japanese non-oral isolates had a similar genetic profile to oral isolates, but with higher prevalence of ermB and cylB. All VRE isolates were positive for gelE, esp, agg, vanA, ermB and tetM, 95%were positive for cylB and 17% positive for tetL. All isolates were negative for ermA, asa373 vanB, vanC1 and vanC2/3. RAPD-PCR revealed clustering of VRE isolates.Conclusions: RAPD-PCR analysis revealed extensive genetic variability among the tested isolates. Oral isolates carried antibiotic resistance genes for tetracycline and whilst they possessed genes that could contribute to pathogenicity, these were detected at lower incidence compared with non-oral and VRE isolates. RAPD-PCR proved to be a useful approach to elucidate relatedness of disparate isolates.

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Section: -Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Comparison of genotypes, antimicrobial resistance and virulence profiles of oral and non oral Enterococcus faecalis from Brazil, Japan and the United Kingdom

Lins

Hirata

Wilson

et al. 2019

Journal of Dentistry

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“…The total number of references found through the ELS was 690, after screening at title/abstract level, 11 passed to the full text phase; of those, one was considered relevant for the QPS assessment, (Al‐Badah et al., ), describing an incidental colonisation by pediococci of endodontic roots infected with a variety of pathogens. However, unreliable phenotypic identification was used in this article.…”

Section: Assessmentmentioning

confidence: 99%

Scientific Opinion on the update of the list of QPS‐recommended biological agents intentionally added to food or feed as notified to EFSA†

Ricci¹,

Allende²,

Bolton³

et al. 2017

EFS2

220

135

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EFSA is requested to assess the safety of a broad range of biological agents in the context of notification for market authorisation as sources of food and feed additives, food enzymes and plant protection products. The qualified presumption of safety (QPS) assessment was developed to provide a harmonised generic preassessment to support safety risk assessments performed by EFSA's scientific Panels. The safety of unambiguously defined biological agents (at the highest taxonomic unit appropriate for the purpose for which an application is intended), and the completeness of the body of knowledge are assessed. Identified safety concerns for a taxonomic unit are, where possible and reasonable in number, reflected as 'qualifications' in connection with a recommendation for a QPS status. The list of QPS recommended biological agents was reviewed and updated in the current opinion and therefore becomes the valid list. The 2016 update reviews previously assessed microorganisms including bacteria, yeasts and viruses used for plant protection purposes following an Extensive Literature Search strategy. The taxonomic units related to the new notifications received since the 2013 QPS opinion, were periodically evaluated for a QPS status and the results published as Statements of the BIOHAZ Panel. Carnobacterium divergens, Lactobacillus diolivorans, Microbacterium imperiale, Pasteuria nishizawae, Pediococcus parvulus, Bacillus flexus, Bacillus smithii, Xanthomonas campestris and Candida cylindracea were recommended for the QPS list. All taxonomic units previously recommended for the 2013 QPS list had their status reconfirmed as well their qualifications with the exception of Pasteuria nishizawae for which the qualification was removed. The exclusion of filamentous fungi and enterococci from the QPS evaluations was reconsidered but monitoring will be maintained and the status will be re-evaluated in the next QPS Opinion update. Evaluation of bacteriophages should remain as a case-by-case procedure and should not be considered for QPS status. Acknowledgements: The BIOHAZ Panel wishes to thank the EFSA staff member: Mirena Ivanova for the support provided to this scientific output.

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“…Enterococcus faecalis is the most common pathogen associated with failed root canal treatment. [1][2][3][4] It can withstand harsh environmental conditions in the root canal and cause a secondary infection. 1,5 E. faecalis is found in 4%-40% of primary endodontic infections, and its prevalence rates from persistent endodontic infections or recurrent periradicular lesion are much higher.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…2 It can form a biofilm for its defense, making it 1000 times more resistant to antibodies and antimicrobial agents than non-biofilm bacteria and avoiding destruction from intracanal medicament. 1,2,4 The major factors associated with endodontic treatment failure are when the procedures undertaken in root canals fail to control and eliminate bacterial infection. 2,5 Mechanical instrumentation alone in the canal system could not eliminate the bacteria.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Antimicrobial Efficacy of Myrmecodia pendens Extract and Fraction Combination against Enter action Combination against Enterococcus faecalis A ococcus faecalis ATCC 29212

Kuswandani¹,

Satari²,

Maskoen³

2019

J Dent Indones

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Enterococcus faecalis can withstand harsh environmental conditions in the root canal and cause a secondary infection. Myrmecodia pendens is an herbal medicine rich in polyphenol compounds that have antibacterial, antioxidant, and anticancer properties. Objectives: To analyze the effects of M. pendens fraction combination on the sensitivity of E. faecalis. Methods: The minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) was determined using a serial microdilution method, and the minimum bactericidal concentration (MBC) was determined by adding the test sample to sterile Mueler Hinton agar medium. Results: The MIC of combination 1 (hexane-ethyl acetate, HE) was 0.049 mg/mL, whereas those of combinations 2 (hexane-water, HA) and 3 (ethyl acetate-water, EA) were 0.098 and 0.390 mg/ mL, respectively. The MIC of NaOCl was 0.390 mg/mL, and that of methanol extract was 0.390 mg/mL. The MBC of combination 1 (HE) was 12.50 mg/mL, whereas that of combinations 2 (HA) and 3 (EA) was 50 mg/mL. The MBC of NaOCl was 25 mg/mL and that of methanol extract was 50 mg/mL against E. faecalis. This study showed that fraction combinations increase the antibacterial effect of M. pendens against E. faecalis ATCC 29212. Conclusion: The HE fraction combination showed the best effect against E. faecalis and can be developed as an alternative endodontic irrigant.

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Clonal diversity and antimicrobial resistance of Enterococcus faecalis isolated from endodontic infections

Cited by 12 publications

References 36 publications

Comparison of genotypes, antimicrobial resistance and virulence profiles of oral and non oral Enterococcus faecalis from Brazil, Japan and the United Kingdom

Comparison of genotypes, antimicrobial resistance and virulence profiles of oral and non oral Enterococcus faecalis from Brazil, Japan and the United Kingdom

Scientific Opinion on the update of the list of QPS‐recommended biological agents intentionally added to food or feed as notified to EFSA†

Antimicrobial Efficacy of Myrmecodia pendens Extract and Fraction Combination against Enter action Combination against Enterococcus faecalis A ococcus faecalis ATCC 29212

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