Clonal and spatial genetic structure within populations of a coastal plant, <i>Carex kobomugi</i> (Cyperaceae)

Ohsako, Takanori

doi:10.3732/ajb.0900262

Cited by 38 publications

(35 citation statements)

References 52 publications

(74 reference statements)

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“…A meta-analysis of 77 clonal plant species produced mean Simpson's D ¼ 0Á85 and Fager's E ¼ 0Á74 (Honnay and Jacquemyn, 2008), which was similar to the six kudzu patches except HDP (Table 1). Yet the range of mean clonal dominance among kudzu patches (0Á35-0Á93) exceeded the interspecific range (0Á42-0Á89) among eight comparable studies (Ohsako, 2010). These kudzu patches also had more variable b values than 15 terrestrial and marine plant species (kudzu ¼ 0Á03-1Á47; other species ¼ 0Á60-1Á49; Ohsako, 2010) as well as four sea grass populations with the broadest intraspecific range previously reported (Posidonia oceanica ¼ 0Á06-1Á23; Arnaud-Haond et al, 2007).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 94%

“…We further characterized the spatial distribution of genets by calculating the index of clonal dominance, D c ¼ (N S -1)/ (N T -1), where N S is the number of ramets belonging to a focal genet and N T is the total number of ramets sampled within the range of the focal genet (Ohsako, 2010). This value was calculated for genets represented by !3 ramets in a patch, where a convex hull could circumscribe each genet.…”

Section: Clonal Analysismentioning

confidence: 99%

“…discrete clusters of genetically distinct ramets) should have high clonal structure and dominance, while guerrilla-type growth (i.e. widespread and interdigitating ramets) should produce less clonal structure and dominance (Araki et al, 2009;Ohsako, 2010). Although the contributions of seed dispersal and clonal growth to invasive spread has been previously evaluated using genetic data for several species, including goldenrod (Solidago canadensis; Dong et al, 2006), an apomictic vine (Bryonia alba; Novak and Mack, 2000) and knotweed (Fallopia spp.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Heterogeneity of clonal patterns among patches of kudzu,Pueraria montanavar. lobata, an invasive plant

Kartzinel¹,

Hamrick

Wang

et al. 2015

Ann Bot

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Background and Aims Viny species are among the most serious invasive plants, and better knowledge of how vines grow to dominate landscapes is needed. Patches may contain a single genotype (i.e. genet), a competitively dominant genet or many independent but interacting genets, yet the clonal structure of vining species is often not apparent. Molecular markers can discriminate among the genetic identities of entwined vines to reveal the number and spatial distribution of genets. This study investigated how genets are spatially distributed within and among discrete patches of the invasive vine kudzu, Pueraria montana var. lobata, in the United States. It was expected that ramets of genets would be spatially clustered within patches, and that an increase in the number of genets within a patch would be associated with a decrease in the average size of each genet.Methods Six discrete kudzu patches were sampled across 2 years, and 1257 samples were genotyped at 21 polymorphic allozyme loci. Variation in genotypic and genetic diversity among patches was quantified and patterns of genet interdigitation were analysed.Key Results Substantial genotypic and genetic variation occurred within and among patches. As few as ten overlapping genets spanned up to 68 m 2 in one patch, while >90 % of samples were genetically unique in another patch. Genotypic diversity within patches increased as mean clone size decreased, although spatially widespread genets did not preclude interdigitation. Eight genets were shared across !2 patches, suggesting that vegetative dispersal can occur among patches.Conclusions Genetically unique kudzu vines are highly interdigitated. Multiple vegetative propagules have become established in spatially discrete patches, probably through the movement of highway construction or maintenance machinery. The results suggest that common methods for controlling invasive vines (e.g. mowing) may inadvertently increase genotypic diversity. Thus, understanding vine architecture and growth has practical implications.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 94%

Section: Clonal Analysismentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Heterogeneity of clonal patterns among patches of kudzu,Pueraria montanavar. lobata, an invasive plant

Kartzinel¹,

Hamrick

Wang

et al. 2015

Ann Bot

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“…1 Map of the study site Wielka Kępa natural reserve along Vistula river in Poland the number of sampled individuals (ramets) (Dorken and Eckert 2001). Clonal architecture was expressed with a clonal dominance index (Dc) calculated following Ohsako (2010) for each of the sexes for each clone with ≥3 ramets:…”

Section: Clonality and Clonal Architecturementioning

confidence: 99%

Sex-specific pattern of spatial genetic structure in dioecious and clonal tree species, Populus alba L.

Dering

Rączka

Szmyt

2016

Tree Genetics & Genomes

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Fine-scale spatial genetic structure (SGS) has profound ecological and genetic consequences for plant populations, and some studies indicate that clonal reproduction may significantly enhance SGS. Clonality is widespread among dioecious species, but little is known about the relationship between clonal reproduction and SGS in the frame of sexual dimorphism. We asked the following questions: (1) Is there a sexually dependent pattern of SGS in white poplar population? (2) What is the relationship between clonal reproduction and SGS? and (3) Does this relationship have a sex-specific component? Using 16 microsatellite markers, genetic structure including fine-scale SGS and clonality of females and males of white poplar were investigated. Significant SGS was noted for both sexes at the ramet and genet levels. At the genet level, males had 2.7-fold higher SGS than that of females. Clonality significantly contributed to SGS only in females. A sibship structure revealed with pedigree analysis and clustering-based methods among males was likely the major factor of the observed SGS. The sexes differed in their clonal growth strategies. Spatial positioning of ramets in female clones suggested foraging behavior and/or avoidance of competition, while for male clones it indicated more expansion and space colonization. The obtained results led us to conclude that sexual dimorphism in life history traits may affect the course and rate of demo-genetic processes acting in natural populations of dioecious species. To our knowledge, this is the first study demonstrating a sex-specific pattern of SGS in natural populations of dioecious species.

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“…Short rhizomes result in aggregated clusters of ramets within genets (that is, phalanx growth strategy) while longer rhizomes can spread in multiple directions over longer distances (that is, guerrilla growth strategy) such that different genets may intersect (Lovett Doust, 1981). Aggregated phalanx growth not only results in stronger patterns of fine-scale genetic structure but also increases the chances of geitonogamous selfing, particularly with increasing genet size, and consequently increases the risk of inbreeding depression (Charpentier, 2002;Albert et al, 2008;Ohsako, 2010).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Contrasting patterns of clonality and fine-scale genetic structure in two rare sedges with differing geographic distributions

2015

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For plants with mixed reproductive capabilities, asexual reproduction is more frequent in rare species and is considered a strategy for persistence when sexual recruitment is limited. We investigate whether asexual reproduction contributes to the persistence of two co-occurring, rare sedges that both experience irregular seed set and if their differing geographic distributions have a role in the relative contribution of clonality. Genotypic richness was high (R = 0.889 ± 0.02) across the clustered populations of Lepidosperma sp. Mt Caudan and, where detected, clonal patches were small, both in ramet numbers (⩽3 ramets/genet) and physical size (1.3 ± 0.1 m). In contrast, genotypic richness was lower in the isolated L. sp. Parker Range populations, albeit more variable (R = 0.437 ± 0.13), with genets as large as 17 ramets and up to 5.8 m in size. Aggregated clonal growth generated significant fine-scale genetic structure in both species but to a greater spatial extent and with additional genet-level structure in L. sp. Parker Range that is likely due to restricted seed dispersal. Despite both species being rare, asexual reproduction clearly has a more important role in the persistence of L. sp. Parker Range than L. sp. Mt Caudan. This is consistent with our prediction that limitations to sexual reproduction, via geographic isolation to effective gene exchange, can lead to greater contributions of asexual reproduction. These results demonstrate the role of population isolation in affecting the balance of alternate reproductive modes and the contextual nature of asexual reproduction in rare species.

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Clonal and spatial genetic structure within populations of a coastal plant, Carex kobomugi (Cyperaceae)

Cited by 38 publications

References 52 publications

Heterogeneity of clonal patterns among patches of kudzu,Pueraria montanavar. lobata, an invasive plant

Heterogeneity of clonal patterns among patches of kudzu,Pueraria montanavar. lobata, an invasive plant

Sex-specific pattern of spatial genetic structure in dioecious and clonal tree species, Populus alba L.

Contrasting patterns of clonality and fine-scale genetic structure in two rare sedges with differing geographic distributions

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