Clogging transition of many-particle systems flowing through bottlenecks

Zuriguel, Iker; Parisi, Daniel R.; Hidalgo, R. C.; Lozano, Celia; Janda, Álvaro; Gago, Paula A.; Peralta, Juan Pablo; Ferrer, Luís Miguel; Pugnaloni, Luis A.; Clément, Éric; Maza, Diego; Pagonabarraga, Ignacio; Garcimartín, Ángel

doi:10.1038/srep07324

Cited by 275 publications

(311 citation statements)

References 41 publications

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“…Arch formation at the exit region is a main reason for the clogging. The clogging probability can be reduced when an obstacle is placed just above the orifice [5,6]. Similar effect can also be observed in various other phenomena relating to bottleneck clogging [6][7][8].…”

Section: Introductionsupporting

confidence: 57%

Statistical properties of gravity-driven granular discharge flow under the influence of an obstacle

Endo

Katsuragi

2017

EPJ Web Conf.

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Abstract. Two-dimensional granular discharge flow driven by gravity under the influence of an obstacle is experimentally investigated. A horizontal exit of width W is opened at the bottom of vertical Hele-Shaw cell filled with stainless-steel particles to start the discharge flow. In this experiment, a circular obstacle is placed in front of the exit. Thus, the distance between the exit and obstacle L is also an important parameter. During the discharge, granular-flow state is acquired by a high-speed camera. The bulk discharge-flow rate is also measured by load cell sensors. The obtained high-speed-image data are analyzed to clarify the particle-level granular-flow dynamics. Using the measured data, we find that the obstacle above the exit affects the granularflow field. Specifically, the existence of obstacle results in large horizontal granular temperature and small packing fraction. This tendency becomes significant when L is smaller than approximately 6D g when W 4D g , where D g is diameter of particles.

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Section: Introductionsupporting

confidence: 57%

Statistical properties of gravity-driven granular discharge flow under the influence of an obstacle

Endo

Katsuragi

2017

EPJ Web Conf.

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“…[10,11], which happens less frequently for larger holes and is unavoidable for holes smaller than about four to five grains across. Details depend on grain shape (see, e.g., [12][13][14][15]), and similar phenomena arise in other contexts, ranging from transport in electronic [16] and particulate [17,18] systems with spatially distributed pinning sites to grains in channels and pipes [19,20], grains driven by fluid flow [21,22], and even grains with brains: pedestrians [23], traffic [24], and livestock [25].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effect of interstitial fluid on the fraction of flow microstates that precede clogging in granular hoppers

Koivisto

Durian

2017

Phys. Rev. E

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We report on the nature of flow events for the gravity-driven discharge of glass beads through a hole that is small enough that the hopper is susceptible to clogging. In particular, we measure the average and standard deviation of the distribution of discharged masses as a function of both hole and grain sizes. We do so in air, which is usual, but also with the system entirely submerged under water. This damps the grain dynamics and could be expected to dramatically affect the distribution of the flow events, which are described in prior work as avalanche-like. Though the flow is slower and the events last longer, we find that the average discharge mass is only slightly reduced for submerged grains. Furthermore, we find that the shape of the distribution remains exponential, implying that clogging is still a Poisson process even for immersed grains. Per Thomas and Durian [Phys. Rev. Lett. 114, 178001 (2015)], this allows for an interpretation of the average discharge mass in terms of the fraction of flow microstates that precede, i.e., that effectively cause, a stable clog to form. Since this fraction is barely altered by water, we conclude that the crucial microscopic variables are the grain positions; grain momenta play only a secondary role in destabilizing weak incipient arches. These insights should aid ongoing efforts to understand the susceptibility of granular hoppers to clogging. We report on the nature of flow events for the gravity-driven discharge of glass beads through a hole that is small enough that the hopper is susceptible to clogging. In particular, we measure the average and standard deviation of the distribution of discharged masses as a function of both hole and grain sizes. We do so in air, which is usual, but also with the system entirely submerged under water. This damps the grain dynamics and could be expected to dramatically affect the distribution of the flow events, which are described in prior work as avalanche-like. Though the flow is slower and the events last longer, we find that the average discharge mass is only slightly reduced for submerged grains. Furthermore, we find that the shape of the distribution remains exponential, implying that clogging is still a Poisson process even for immersed grains. Per Thomas and Durian [Phys. Rev. Lett. 114, 178001 (2015)], this allows for an interpretation of the average discharge mass in terms of the fraction of flow microstates that precede, i.e., that effectively cause, a stable clog to form. Since this fraction is barely altered by water, we conclude that the crucial microscopic variables are the grain positions; grain momenta play only a secondary role in destabilizing weak incipient arches. These insights should aid ongoing efforts to understand the susceptibility of granular hoppers to clogging.

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“…When the outlet diameter is smaller than about 5 particle diameters [9][10][11][12][13], clogs form after some time at the orifice and block further outflow, mostly unwanted. Spontaneous arch formation [14,15], the preceding kinetics [16], as well as the inherent force distributions [17,18] have been analyzed in the literature. In order to study the geometry and statics of such clogs, often 2D container geometries are chosen.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Silo outflow of soft frictionless spheres

et al. 2017

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Outflow of granular materials from silos is a remarkably complex physical phenomenon that has been extensively studied with simple objects like monodisperse hard disks in two dimensions (2D) and hard spheres in 2D and 3D. For those materials, empirical equations were found that describe the discharge characteristics. Softness adds qualitatively new features to the dynamics and to the character of the flow. We report a study of the outflow of soft, practically frictionless hydrogel spheres from a quasi-2D bin. Prominent features are intermittent clogs, peculiar flow fields in the container and a pronounced dependence of the flow rate and clogging statistics on the container fill height. The latter is a consequence of the ineffectiveness of Janssen's law: the pressure at the bottom of a bin containing hydrogel spheres grows linearly with the fill height.

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Clogging transition of many-particle systems flowing through bottlenecks

Cited by 275 publications

References 41 publications

Statistical properties of gravity-driven granular discharge flow under the influence of an obstacle

Statistical properties of gravity-driven granular discharge flow under the influence of an obstacle

Effect of interstitial fluid on the fraction of flow microstates that precede clogging in granular hoppers

Silo outflow of soft frictionless spheres

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