Clogging of graphite-containing submerged nozzles in casting of steel on a continuous casting machine

Aksel'rod, L. M.; Baranovskii, M. R.; Mel'nikova, G. G.

doi:10.1007/bf01280868

Cited by 6 publications

(4 citation statements)

References 2 publications

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“…This is in agreement with previous experimental observations. [8,28] The distribution of the deposition rate at the inner SEN wall surface observed from front view of a X-Z plane is similar to that observed from the rear view of a X-Z plane due to the symmetric flow properties based on the X-Z and the Y-Z middle planes of SEN. This is also the situation for the observations from the right and left views of the Y-Z planes.…”

Section: X-z Plane Y-z Planesupporting

confidence: 69%

The Use of an Enhanced Eulerian Deposition Model to Investigate Nozzle Clogging During Continuous Casting of Steel

Jonsson

Ersson

et al. 2014

Metall Mater Trans B

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Nozzle clogging caused by the build-up of non-metallic inclusions on ceramic walls is a serious industrial problem during continuous casting of steel. The current theoretical study uses the extended Eulerian model to predict the inclusion deposition rate in a submerged entry nozzle (SEN). The model considers Brownian and turbulent diffusion, turbophoresis, and thermophoresis as transportation mechanisms. First, the steel flow in a tundish was simulated using a three-dimensional CFD model. The obtained flow parameter in a SEN was then put into the Eulerian deposition model to predict the deposition rate of non-metallic inclusions. Thereafter, the deposition rates of different-size inclusions in the SEN were predicted and compared. The result shows that the steel flow is non-uniform in the SEN of the tundish. This leads to an uneven distribution of the inclusion deposition rates at different locations of the inner wall of the SEN. In addition, large size inclusions among the size of inclusions considered show a large deposition rate, due to the strong effect of turbophoresis.

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Section: X-z Plane Y-z Planesupporting

confidence: 69%

The Use of an Enhanced Eulerian Deposition Model to Investigate Nozzle Clogging During Continuous Casting of Steel

Jonsson

Ersson

et al. 2014

Metall Mater Trans B

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“…(4) The level fluctuation of the steel-slag interface was ignored. (5) The influence of molten steel on the electromagnetic field was neglected due to the very small magnetic Reynolds number [26].…”

Section: Mathematical Modelmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Many fluid dynamical investigations regarding SEN clogging have been performed. Their focuses were mainly on clogging classification [4,5], clogging causes [6,7], and clogging mechanisms [6,8]. On the other hand, several methods have also been adopted to avoid SEN clogging: argon injection [3,9], SEN material modification [10][11][12], and SEN geometry modification [13,14].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Influence of EMS on Asymmetric Flow with Different SEN Clogging Rates in a Slab Continuous Casting Mold

Zhong

et al. 2019

Metals

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Submerged entry nozzle (SEN) clogging is a troublesome phenomenon in the continuous casting process that can induce the asymmetric mold flow, and thus, lowering the steel product quality. In this paper, a mathematical model coupling the electromagnetic and flow fields, was developed to investigate the influence of the SEN clogging rate on the flow field and the influence of electromagnetic stirring (EMS) on the asymmetric mold flow. Slag entrapment index Rc was introduced to quantify the possibility of slag entrapment, and symmetric index S was introduced to quantify the symmetry of the flow field. The results show that as the SEN clogging rate increased, the slag entrapment index Rc increased, while the symmetric index S decreased. EMS can greatly improve the symmetry of the flow field with SEN clogging, but it cannot remove the asymmetric phenomenon completely because the stirring intensity should be controlled below the safe level to avoid slag entrapment.

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“…Submerged nozzles of a corundum-graphite composition are suitable for casting any grade of steel, but their service life is restricted by erosion of the wall of the submerged nozzle in the slag belt, thermal cracking of the nozzle walls, and blocking of the channel and the tap holes by aluminum oxide and calcium aluminate [1]. Submerged nozzles of a corundum-graphite composition are suitable for casting any grade of steel, but their service life is restricted by erosion of the wall of the submerged nozzle in the slag belt, thermal cracking of the nozzle walls, and blocking of the channel and the tap holes by aluminum oxide and calcium aluminate [1].…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Improving the endurance of graphite-containing submerged nozzles for CCM

Aksel'rod

1996

Refractories

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The main causes of erosion of graphite-containing submerged nozzles in the slag belt in operation of continuous casting machines and results of industrial tests of experimental articles of different compositions are described. It is shown that the materials can be arranged in the following series in accordance with their endurance: A1203 -C -SiC -BN ~ ZrO2 -C -SiC ---> A1203 -C -SiC.The efficiency of continuous steel casting is determined by the quality of the cast preform, which depends to a considerable degree on the stability of the process, i.e., the possibility of sustaining a constant casting rate for a long time. Submerged nozzles of a corundum-graphite composition are suitable for casting any grade of steel, but their service life is restricted by erosion of the wall of the submerged nozzle in the slag belt, thermal cracking of the nozzle walls, and blocking of the channel and the tap holes by aluminum oxide and calcium aluminate [1].The process is completely stopped or the casting rate is changed considerably when the submerged nozzle is being replaced, which creates a number of problems. First, this causes a loss of steel production, second, the part of the ingot formed in the period when the nozzle is being replaced (30 -90 sec) is rejected, and third, the cyclic fluctuations of the load exerted on the bearings of the rolls of a curvilinear CCM, which are an order of magnitude higher than the fluctuations in casting at a constant rate, damage the bearings and rolls. In addition, the closing of the tapping channel of the intermediate ladle during the replacement of the nozzle causes blocking of the channel and requires its burning through in oxygen. This worsens the quality of the continuous ingot, enriching it with endogenous inclusions, and creates an emergency situation on the casting platform.The present article is devoted to results of an investigation of corundum-graphite submerged nozzles with a slag belt made of various erosion-resistant refractory materials.St. Petersburg Institute of Refractories, St. Petersburg, Russia.The operating conditions and the factors affecting the wear of the slag belt of a submerged nozzle at the level of a metal meniscus covered by a slag-forming mixture (SFM) are presented in Fig.

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Clogging of graphite-containing submerged nozzles in casting of steel on a continuous casting machine

Cited by 6 publications

References 2 publications

The Use of an Enhanced Eulerian Deposition Model to Investigate Nozzle Clogging During Continuous Casting of Steel

The Use of an Enhanced Eulerian Deposition Model to Investigate Nozzle Clogging During Continuous Casting of Steel

Influence of EMS on Asymmetric Flow with Different SEN Clogging Rates in a Slab Continuous Casting Mold

Improving the endurance of graphite-containing submerged nozzles for CCM

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