Clock Jitter Effects on Sampling: A Tutorial

Subsampling Receivers with Applications to Software Defined Radio Systems

“…It is single-sideband, because only one side of the noise power is taken into account; hence, it includes only half the noise energy. Thus [19]:…”

“…This effect can be seen as an addition of noise to the output signal, resulting in a degradation of the output signal-to-noise ratio (SNR). The amplitude error (verror) is proportional to the derivative of the input signal [19]:…”

“…With Δtrms as the standard deviation (or root mean square) of jitter, which usually defined as a percentage of the sampling period, the sampling error in Expression (13) can be rewritten as [19]:…”

“…In these cases, it is more realistic to study the jitter effect from the spectrum domain. Since the spectrum of jitter is very difficult to measure directly [19], the most common method to study its effect is the measurement of the phase noise, which is the most widely employed parameter to compare between different clock sources and oscillators.…”

Automatic on-chip backup clock changer for protecting abnormal MCU operations in unsafe clock frequency

“…A weak point of hardware, which is passed in the test time, causes small errors randomly through an unsafe software code. The unexpected errors in hardware or software are recursively propagated into adjacent hardware and status registers in runtime [7]. These mechanisms are why error protection in initial design time is difficult and, in addition, it is not easy to reproduce the error situation in the debugging time to analyze the hidden root of the exposed errors [8].…”