CLIWOC: A Climatological Database for the World's Oceans 1750–1854

García‐Herrera, Ricardo; Können, G. P.; Wheeler, Dennis; Prieto, M. R.; Jones, Phil; Koek, F. B.

doi:10.1007/s10584-005-6952-6

Cited by 5,559 publications

(72 citation statements)

References 12 publications

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“…Our recent research has uncovered 363 additional stations that could have been used if the data had been digitized. Considering even earlier periods, García-Herrera et al (2005), for example, document an effort that digitized eighteenth and nineteenth century European national marine meteorological observations, and Wilkinson et al (2010) describe marine SLP pressure observations becoming available from the British East India Company for 1790-1834 and a range of other sources (also Woodruff et al, 2005). Przybylak (2009) describes the network of Polish meteorological stations back to the eighteenth century, part of the network of European stations measuring pressure extending back even to the seventeenth century (Jones, 2001 (JCOMM), the NOAA Climate Database Modernization Program (CDMP, Dupigny-Giroux et al, 2007), the International Environmental Data Rescue Organization, universities, national meteorological services, and ACRE are working to recover these observations and uncover additional observations over land and ocean (e.g.…”

Section: Summary and Concluding Remarksmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Twentieth Century Reanalysis Project

Compo

Whitaker

Sardeshmukh

et al. 2011

Quart J Royal Meteoro Soc

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† The contribution of R. J. Allan was written in the course of his employment at the Met Office, UK, and is published with the permission of the Controller of HMSO and the Queen's Printer for Scotland. ‡ The contributions of these authors were prepared as part of their official duties as US Federal Government employees.The Twentieth Century Reanalysis (20CR) project is an international effort to produce a comprehensive global atmospheric circulation dataset spanning the twentieth century, assimilating only surface pressure reports and using observed monthly sea-surface temperature and sea-ice distributions as boundary conditions. is similar to that of current three-day operational NWP forecasts. Intercomparisons over the second half-century of these surface-based reanalyses with other reanalyses that also make use of upper-air and satellite data are equally encouraging.It is anticipated that the 20CR dataset will be a valuable resource to the climate research community for both model validations and diagnostic studies. Some surprising results are already evident. For instance, the long-term trends of indices representing the North Atlantic Oscillation, the tropical Pacific Walker Circulation, and the Pacific-North American pattern are weak or non-existent over the full period of record. The long-term trends of zonally averaged precipitation minus evaporation also differ in character from those in climate model simulations of the twentieth century.

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Section: Summary and Concluding Remarksmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Twentieth Century Reanalysis Project

Compo

Whitaker

Sardeshmukh

et al. 2011

Quart J Royal Meteoro Soc

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“…In the historical arena, the RECovery of Logbooks And International Marine data (RECLAIM; Wilkinson et al, 2010), Climatological database for the World's Oceans (CLIWOC) (García-Herrera et al, 2005), and Atmospheric Circulation Reconstruction over the Earth initiative (ACRE; http://www.met-acre.org/) are all multinational efforts that have augmented ICOADS with seventeenth to twentieth century data and metadata. For example, in recent joint projects, the UK Met Office and NOAA Climate Data Modernization Program (CDMP) (Dupigny-Giroux et al, 2007) have provided digitised and quality-checked data from logbooks (e.g.…”

Section: The National and International Contributing Communitymentioning

confidence: 99%

ICOADS Release 2.5: extensions and enhancements to the surface marine meteorological archive

Woodruff

Worley

Lubker

et al. 2011

Intl Journal of Climatology

423

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Release 2.5 of the International Comprehensive Ocean-Atmosphere Data Set (ICOADS) is a major update (covering 1662-2007) of the world's most extensive surface marine meteorological data collection. Building on extensive national and international partnerships, many new and improved contributing datasets have been processed into a uniform format and combined with the previous Release 2.4. The new data range from early non-instrumental ship observations to measurements initiated in the twentieth century from buoys and other automated platform types. Improvements to existing data include replacing preliminary Global Telecommunication System (GTS) receipts with more reliable, delayed mode reports for post-1997 data, and in the processing and quality control (QC) of humidity observations. Over the entire period of record, spatial and temporal coverage has been enriched and data and metadata quality has been improved. Along with the observations, now updated monthly in near real time, Release 2.5 includes quality-controlled monthly summary products for 2°latitude × 2°longitude (since 1800) and 1°× 1°boxes (since 1960), together with multiple options for access to the data and products. The measured and estimated data in Release 2.5 are subject to many technical changes, multiple archive sources, and historical events throughout the more than three-century record. Some of these data characteristics are highlighted, including known unresolved errors and inhomogeneities, which may impact climate and other research applications. Anticipated future directions for ICOADS aim to continue adding scientific value to the observations, products, and metadata, as well as strengthen the cooperative enterprise through expanded linkages to international initiatives and organisations.

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“…A pioneering effort in the recovery of historical marine weather observations was made by the European Union funded 'CLIWOC' project (García-Herrera et al, 2005a), which succeeded in digitising and interpreting approximately 300 K wind and other observations from the period 1750-1850, from British, Dutch (e.g. Figure 1), French and Spanish logbooks, and in doing so demonstrated their value for climate and historical research.…”

Section: The Reclaim Projectmentioning

confidence: 99%

Recovery of logbooks and international marine data: the RECLAIM project

Wilkinson

Woodruff

Brohan

et al. 2011

Intl Journal of Climatology

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ABSTRACT:The RECovery of Logbooks and International Marine data (RECLAIM) project is a concerted, international effort to facilitate and encourage the recovery -through imaging and digitisation -of archived marine weather observations, platform and instrumental metadata and historical documentation, from many different countries. Non-instrumental observations of wind and weather have been recorded in ships' logbooks for hundreds of years, augmented by systematic instrumental observations of sea surface and air temperatures, barometric pressure and other meteorological (and oceanographic) elements largely since the mid-nineteenth century. Once digitised, these data are widely useful for climate studies and other avenues of scientific research -including oceanography, fisheries, maritime history and ecology -thus improvements seeking to address gaps and weaknesses in the currently available data record can be of major importance. In addition to documenting and prioritising archived ship logbook records for imaging and digitisation in support of that goal, RECLAIM provides expert assistance in the interpretation of historical marine records in relation to navigation, observational practices and recording. Since the project inception in 2005, RECLAIM has facilitated, for example, recovery of logbooks of the Dutch and English East India Companies in the nineteenth century, and of the British Royal Navy of the twentieth century. Currently the project website includes reference lists, rescued UK and US marine documents, extensive UK archive reports and detailed inventories of ship movements. A variety of other developing international linkages are discussed, including to Chilean, Dutch, French, German, Finnish, Norwegian, Swedish and US historical records. Copyright  2010 Royal Meteorological Society and Crown Copyright.KEY WORDS marine meteorological data; ship's logbooks; archives; data rescue; digitisation; metadata Received 2 July 2009; Accepted 10 January 2010The ancients long since discovered that papyrus and parchment were destructible and that burned clay tablets or bricks were the most enduring of all. We have learned that if the light of the sun and the oxygen of the air are shut out we may preserve the very best of our tender paper records, in properly built libraries, for only a few centuries. They are worthy all the care that we can bestow upon them; it is a sad sight to behold unique, invaluable records, inscribed on the poorest paper, crumbling to dust under the influence of mildew, sunlight,

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CLIWOC: A Climatological Database for the World's Oceans 1750–1854

Cited by 5,559 publications

References 12 publications

The Twentieth Century Reanalysis Project

The Twentieth Century Reanalysis Project

ICOADS Release 2.5: extensions and enhancements to the surface marine meteorological archive

Recovery of logbooks and international marine data: the RECLAIM project

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