Clinimetric Perspectives in Clinical Psychology and Psychiatry

Cosci, Fiammetta

doi:10.1159/000517028

Cited by 19 publications

(21 citation statements)

References 50 publications

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“…Fourth, we used two measures to assess negative symptoms in order to increase convergent validity. However, this comes at a cost of incremental validity, where additional measures do not add additional predictive power [44]. However, since similar results were found for both measures, there is no problem of conflicting evidence.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Efficacy of Acceptance and Commitment Therapy in Daily Life in Early Psychosis: Results from the Multi-Center INTERACT Randomized Controlled Trial

Myin-Germeys

Aubel

Vaessen

et al. 2022

Psychother Psychosom

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Introduction/Objective: This study aimed to investigate efficacy of Acceptance and Commitment Therapy in Daily Life (ACT-DL), combining face-to-face therapy with an Ecological Momentary Intervention (EMI), in addition to treatment as usual (TAU) for psychotic distress, in comparison to TAU. Methods: Individuals aged 15–65 years with clinically established ultra-high risk or first episode of psychosis were randomly assigned to TAU or ACT-DL+TAU. ACT-DL+TAU consisted of 8 ACT-sessions augmented with an EMI-app. The primary outcome was psychotic distress assessed with the Comprehensive Assessment scale of At Risk Mental State (CAARMS) at post-intervention and 6- and 12-month follow-up. Secondary outcomes were functioning, symptom severity, and momentary psychotic distress. We performed multivariate mixed models according to intent-to-treat principles. Results: Between June 1, 2015 and December 31, 2018, 668 participants were referred, of whom 148 were randomized to ACT-DL+TAU (n = 71) or TAU (n = 77). One hundred and fifteen (78%) provided primary outcome data at least at one follow-up assessment. There was no evidence of greater reduction in the primary outcome measure CAARMS distress in ACT-DL+TAU compared to TAU (χ2(3) = 2.36; p = 0.50). However, out of the tested secondary outcomes, global functioning (χ2(3) = 9.05; p = 0.033), and negative symptoms (χ2(3) = 19.91; p<0.001) improved in ACT-DL+TAU compared to TAU, as did momentary psychotic distress (χ2(3) = 21.56; p < 0.001). Conclusions: INTERACT did not support a significant effect of ACT-DL over TAU on the primary outcome measure of psychotic distress as assessed with the CAARMS. Although significant improvements were found for some secondary outcome measures, further replication studies are needed to confirm the strength and specificity of these effects.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Efficacy of Acceptance and Commitment Therapy in Daily Life in Early Psychosis: Results from the Multi-Center INTERACT Randomized Controlled Trial

Myin-Germeys

Aubel

Vaessen

et al. 2022

Psychother Psychosom

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“…It needs to be integrated with an expanded clinical interview, encompassing evaluation of euthymia and dysthymia, allostatic load/overload, and lifestyle according to a longitudinal perspective. Such evaluation requires a clinimetric approach [24, 25, 61], which involves the use of macro-analysis [11, 24, 25, 62, 63]. Macro-analysis has been developed for organizing clinical data as variables according to clinical reasoning (a relationship between co-occurring syndromes and problems is established on the basis of where treatment should commence in the first place).…”

Section: The Clinimetric Approachmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Each distinct aspect of psychological measurement (whether an index or selected individual items of a scale) should deliver a unique increase in information in order to qualify for inclusion. Such strategy is in sharp contrast with the psychometric model, which calls for homogeneous and redundant items and where severity is essentially determined by the number of symptoms, and not by their quality or intensity [25, 64]. Indices for assessing euthymia according to clinimetric requirements [65] have been developed.…”

Section: The Clinimetric Approachmentioning

confidence: 99%

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The Clinical Science of Euthymia: A Conceptual Map

Guidi

Fava

2022

Psychother Psychosom

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Euthymia is a trans-diagnostic construct characterized by lack of mood disturbances; presence of positive affect; balance of psychological well-being dimensions, flexibility, consistency, and resistance to stress. The aim of this critical review is to draw a conceptual map of euthymia. Relationships with other constructs, continuum between euthymia and dysthymia with discomfort as an intermediate area, associations with lifestyle, clinimetric assessment, role of psychotherapeutic interventions, establishment of therapeutic targets, and neurobiological mechanisms are discussed. The model is based on the bipolar nature of well-being dimensions. Euthymia means using allostasis optimally and maintaining a healthy balance that promotes positive aspects of brain and body health through health-promoting behaviors. It may provide a framework for a renewed definition of recovery, for measuring treatment outcome and for targeting interventions, including the sequential administration of therapeutic components. Clinical assessment requires a clinimetric approach encompassing a broad range of aspects, such as allostatic load and lifestyle behaviors, all interacting with each other and contributing to the euthymia/dysthymia balance. Clinimetric indices for assessing euthymia (the Clinical Interview for Euthymia and the Euthymia Scale) and related constructs (the Clinical Interview for Dysthymia and the Semi-Structured Interview for the Diagnostic Criteria for Psychosomatic Research) are presented here. Well-Being Therapy, a psychotherapeutic strategy specifically aimed at pursuing euthymia, relies on self-observation of well-being episodes using a structured diary as a distinct therapeutic ingredient. The clinical science of euthymia may unravel innovative approaches to assessment and treatment of psychiatric and medical disorders, according to a unitary conceptual framework.

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“…Among them, it allows to investigate illness behavior, the ways in which individuals experience, perceive, evaluate, and respond to their health status (48,49). This is a transdiagnostic core characterization (50), with multiple expressions (51,52), providing an explanatory model for clinical phenomena (8). Relevant information can be obtained also assessing mental pain (53,54), which captures a feeling state characterized by emotional pain, emptiness, and internal perturbation (55), sometimes at the core of the suicidal process (56).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Anxiety in the Medically Ill: A Systematic Review of the Literature

2022

Self Cite

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BackgroundAlthough anxiety is highly represented in the medically ill and its occurrence has relevant clinical implications, it often remains undetected and not properly treated. This systematic review aimed to report on anxiety, either symptom or disorder, in patients who suffer from a medical illness.MethodsEnglish-language papers reporting on anxiety in medically ill adults were evaluated. PubMed, PsycINFO, Web of Science, and Cochrane databases were systematically searched from inception to June 2021. Search term was “anxiety” combined using the Boolean “AND” operator with “medically ill/chronic illness/illness/disorder/disease.” Risk of bias was assessed via the Joanna Briggs Institute (JBI) Critical Appraisal Tools—Checklist for Prevalence Studies. The PRISMA guidelines were followed.ResultsOf 100,848 citations reviewed, 329 studies met inclusion criteria. Moderate or severe anxious symptoms were common among patients with cardiovascular, respiratory, central nervous system, gastrointestinal, genitourinary, endocrine, musculoskeletal system or connective tissue, dermatological diseases, cancer, AIDS and COVID-19 infections. The most common anxiety disorder was generalized anxiety disorder, observed among patients with cardiovascular, respiratory, central nervous system, dermatologic diseases, cancer, primary aldosteronism, amenorrhea, and COVID-19 infection. Panic disorder was described for cardiovascular, respiratory, dermatology diseases. Social anxiety was found for cardiovascular, respiratory, rheumatoid diseases. Specific phobias were relatively common in irritable bowel syndrome, gastroesophageal reflux, end-stage renal disease.ConclusionAnxiety is a major challenge in medical settings. Recognition and proper assessment of anxiety in patients who suffer from a medical illness is necessary for an appropriate management. Future reviews are warranted in order also to clarify the causal and temporal relationship between anxiety and organic illness.

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Clinimetric Perspectives in Clinical Psychology and Psychiatry

Cited by 19 publications

References 50 publications

Efficacy of Acceptance and Commitment Therapy in Daily Life in Early Psychosis: Results from the Multi-Center INTERACT Randomized Controlled Trial

Efficacy of Acceptance and Commitment Therapy in Daily Life in Early Psychosis: Results from the Multi-Center INTERACT Randomized Controlled Trial

The Clinical Science of Euthymia: A Conceptual Map

Anxiety in the Medically Ill: A Systematic Review of the Literature

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