Clinicopathological significance of RCAN2 production in gastric carcinoma

Abstract

Aims Gastric cancer (GC) is one of the leading causes of cancer‐related death worldwide. Genes expressed only in cancer tissue may be useful biomarkers for cancer diagnosis and therapeutics. The aims of the present study were to analyse regulator of calcineurin 2 (RCAN2) in a large number of GCs, and to investigate how these expression patterns correlate with clinicopathological parameters and various markers. Methods and results An immunohistochemical analysis of RCAN2 in 207 GC tissue samples showed that 110 (53%) GCs were positive for RCAN2. RCAN2‐positive GCs were more advanced in terms of TNM classification and tumour stage than RCAN2‐negative GCs. Furthermore, RCAN2 was an independent prognostic classifier for GC patients. The cell growth and invasiveness of RCAN2 small interfering RNA (siRNA)‐transfected GC cell lines were less than those of the negative control siRNA‐transfected cell lines, whereas those of RCAN2‐transfected cells were significantly increased as compared with those of empty vector‐transfected cells. RCAN2 siRNA inhibits the phosphorylation of AKT and p44/p42 (ERK1/2). RCAN2 was colocalised with EGFR, nuclear β‐catenin, MMP7, laminin‐γ2, VEGF‐A, and VEGF‐C. Conclusion These results suggest that RCAN2 is involved in tumour progression and is an independent prognostic classifier in patients with GC.

Gene Expression Analysis Provides New Insights into the Mechanism of Intramuscular Fat Formation in Japanese Black Cattle

“…TGF-β regulates gene expression by SMAD-mediated signal transduction [39]. TGF-β reportedly induces CPE, TNC, TAGLN, CSRP2, and COL4A5 expression [28,33,40]. Therefore, it is suggested that TGF-β/SMAD pathway-mediated promotion of gene transcription might underly intramuscular fat formation in Japanese Black cattle.…”

“…These CSRPs act as transcription factors in the nucleus and promote cell differentiation in various cell types. CSRP2 expression is reportedly induced by TGF-β [33], an essential gene for epithelialmesenchymal conversion [28]. Although CSRP1, CSRP2, and CSRP3 were highly expressed in intramuscular fat tissue (Figure S2), their detailed function is unknown.…”

The Overexpression of miR-377 Aggravates Sepsis-Induced Myocardial Hypertrophy by Binding to Rcan2 and Mediating CaN Activity

“…Originally, Rcan2 was originally recognized as a thyroid hormone-responsive gene in human skin fibroblasts [ 28 ] and then highlighted as a mediator of CaN [ 29 , 30 ]. More interestingly, alteration in Rcan2 levels was previously found to be correlated with the development of tumor [ 31 ], whereas Rcan2 is also known to regulate the obesity progression via a mechanism-independent of leptin signaling [ 32 , 33 ]. Interestingly, the RCAN protein family has vital roles to confer in regulating inflammation [ 34 ]; for example, Rcan1 serves a negative regulator of inflammation in response to respiratory tract infections [ 35 ].…”

Chemosensitivity of gastric cancer: analysis of key pathogenic transcription factors

“…Gastric cancer is one of the most common malignant tumors globally and the second leading cause of cancer death (1). At the time of diagnosis, about 30% of patients with gastric cancer have progressed to an advanced stage (2). Chemotherapy is one of the standard treatments for most advanced gastric cancers.…”