Clinicopathological features and differential diagnosis of hepatocellular carcinoma in extrahepatic metastases

Chen, Dingbao; Li, Zhao; Song, Qiujing; Qian, Liwei; Xie, Batubaiyin; Zhu, Jun

doi:10.1097/md.0000000000013356

Cited by 21 publications

(19 citation statements)

References 20 publications

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“…HCC is a highly invasive tumor with intrahepatic proliferation and extrahepatic metastasis. Therefore, effective inhibition of tumor metastasis is very important for the prognosis of HCC [8][9] . SMP30 can , and participate in the regulation of extracellular matrix signaling pathway [10][11][12] .…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

SMP30 Regulates HCC Cell Migration via Affecting the Expression of MMPs and Binding to ROCK1

Zheng¹,

Zhuang²,

Z³

et al. 2020

Preprint

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Background: SMP30, as a calmodulin, is differentially expressed in hepatocellular carcinoma（HCC） tissues and adjacent tissues. Previous studies have indicated that the expression of SMP30 is closely related to the prognosis of patients with HCC. However, little is known about the detailed role of SMP30 on HCC. Methods: The SMP30 overexpression and silenced cell lines were constructed through lentivirus transfection，the effects of SMP30 on migration and invasion of HCC were observed by Transwell assay. Then subcloned cell line with different migration abilities were undergone four rounds of screening from SMP30 overexpressing cell lines, and the transcriptome and proteome were detected and analyzed. The interactions of proteins with SMP30 were validated by AP-MS and COIP-WB techniques. Results: High expression of SMP30 can effectively inhibit the migration and invasion of HCC, but has no significant effect on cell proliferation and cell cycle. The cell lines with higher metastatic abilities have significantly higher calcium ion concentrations than those with lower metastatic abilities and higher expression of MMP9, MMP14 and MMP15 proteins. There is an interaction between SMP30 and tumor metastasis-related protein ROCK1, which reduces the phosphorylation level of cytoskeleton-related MLC protein. The SMP30 regulatesthe downstream molecule MLC protein phosphorylation and affects the formation of cytoskeletal structure. Conclusion: On the one hand, SMP30 regulates the expression of MMPs protein by regulating the Ca2 + concentration; on the other hand, SMP30 affects the phosphorylation level of MLC protein by interacting with ROCK1 protein. The combined effect of the two aspects inhibits the metastatic ability of HCC.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

SMP30 Regulates HCC Cell Migration via Affecting the Expression of MMPs and Binding to ROCK1

Zheng¹,

Zhuang²,

Z³

et al. 2020

Preprint

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“…Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is one of the few cancers that can be diagnosed without tissue biopsy [ 1 ] but by multiphase contrast-enhanced CT or MRI. In cirrhotic or high-risk patients, the diagnostic criteria includes size ≥1 cm, arterial phase enhancement, and a combination of washout, capsule enhancement, or a 50% interval increase in size ≤6 months [ 9 ]. If imaging is inconclusive, a tissue biopsy can be pursued.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…In noncirrhotic patients or in cases in which the primary tumor is unknown, a liver biopsy is necessary to diagnose HCC. Characteristic histological features include wide trabeculae of more than 3 cells, increased nuclear-cytoplasmic ratio, unpaired arteries, and loss of reticulin network [ 9 ]. However, histopathology alone is insufficient to establish the diagnosis as a number of tumors can mimic the morphologic features of HCC, especially in metastasis.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

A Rare Case of Metastatic Hepatocellular Carcinoma Masquerading as a Forehead Hematoma

Sanders

Thomas

Isache

et al. 2020

Case Reports in Gastrointestinal Medicine

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Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is the most common primary liver cancer and can arise from any form of chronic liver disease or cirrhosis. With increasing rates of metabolic syndrome and obesity, it is not surprising that NASH is quickly becoming a leading cause of chronic liver disease and HCC in the western hemisphere (Wang and Malhi, 2018). Metastasis is usually found in advanced stages of the disease, owing to its poor prognosis. The lung, bone, and lymph nodes are the most frequent sites of metastasis (Balogh et al., 2016, and Becker et al., 2014). On the other hand, metastasis to the skin and cranium is relatively rare. Literature review reveals less than 10 reported cases in the last 10 years. Herein, we report an unusual case of a “forehead hematoma” leading to the formal diagnosis of metastatic HCC.

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“…A case-control study by Chen and coworkers compared the diagnostic efficacy of GPC-3, AFP, Arginase 1 (ARG1), and hepatocyte paraffin antigen 1 (HepPar-1) in confirming extra-hepatic metastasis of HCC in cases where HCC has yet to be diagnosed. The study surmised that GPC-3 was more sensitive at 89.2% compared to AFP at 82.6%, but GPC-3 yielded a lower sensitivity at 94.8% with AFP at 100% (P < 0.001) [21].…”

Section: Utility Of Gpc-3 In Treatment Of Hccmentioning

confidence: 90%

New Immunological Approaches in Hepatocellular Carcinoma: Glypican-3 (GPC-3) Opportunities and Challenges

Varghese¹,

Darayan²,

Rastellini³

et al. 2020

JCT

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Immunotherapy is one of the strategies to boost natural defenses to fight cancer. Immuno-oncology is an artificial stimulation of the human immune system to recognize and kill selectively neoplastic cells at different stage of transformation. Cancer cells have tumor antigens and the antibody of the immune system, binding them, can detect molecules on their extracellular side of cell membrane. Among these proteins, it is rising in interest and used for early detection of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) Glypican-3 (GPC-3) protein. It is a heparan sulfate proteoglycan (HSPG), anchored to the cell membrane of transformed hepatocytes. We investigated its function as key regulator of hepatocytes neoplastic transformation. Noteworthy, GPC-3 protein has been implicated in different pathways from cell growth to cell motility and migration. More recently, GPC-3 has been evaluated as a useful marker for HCC due to its increased expression in the liver during tumorigenesis and its absence in normal liver. Immunotherapy that targets GPC-3 domains and its connected proteins are currently under investigation. These new biomarkers may hold potential for the detection and treatment of HCC and other diseases in which GPC-3 may be overexpressed and/or play a crucial role. This review will summarize the current knowledge regarding the active immunotherapy developed to treat HCC and it will evaluate aspects of GPC-3 (structure and biology) as advantages and potential pitfalls for considering it as a valuable immunotherapeutic target. We also elaborated the current literature with the aim to better understand its biological interactions at a molecular and cellular level to identify alternative or combined targets, due to the existing gap in the literature surrounding GPC-3. The role GPC-3 plays in

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Clinicopathological features and differential diagnosis of hepatocellular carcinoma in extrahepatic metastases

Cited by 21 publications

References 20 publications

SMP30 Regulates HCC Cell Migration via Affecting the Expression of MMPs and Binding to ROCK1

SMP30 Regulates HCC Cell Migration via Affecting the Expression of MMPs and Binding to ROCK1

A Rare Case of Metastatic Hepatocellular Carcinoma Masquerading as a Forehead Hematoma

New Immunological Approaches in Hepatocellular Carcinoma: Glypican-3 (GPC-3) Opportunities and Challenges

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