Clinicopathological characteristics, treatment and prognosis of head &amp; neck small cell carcinoma: a SEER population-based study

Yu, Chen-Xi; Yibulayin, Feiluore; Feng, Lei; Wang, Meng; Lu, Mengmeng; Luo, Yufeng; Liu, Hui; Yang, Zhicheng; Wushou, Alimujiang

doi:10.1186/s12885-020-07522-9

Cited by 8 publications

(20 citation statements)

References 24 publications

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“…The 5-year DSS and OS in our series were 47 and 34% and did not differ with respect to the histopathological grade (WD + MD vs. PD), the primary tumor site (larynx vs. pharynx), or the treatment modality used (primary surgery vs. non-surgery) ( Table S1 ). Given their wide 95% CIs, these figures are comparable to what has been reported in systematic reviews and cancer registry data analyses and pointed to a generally worse survival of HN-NECs compared with their squamous cell carcinoma counterparts [ 1 , 2 , 11 , 23 , 24 ].…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 79%

“…The presence of neck metastases and Stage IV disease predicted worse survival outcomes: they affected not only the occurrence of distant metastases, which inevitably lead to patient death, but also predicted worse OS (which reflects both cancer- and non-cancer-related deaths). Comparable conclusions have also been reached in other, larger studies [ 11 , 24 , 25 ]. Currently, no effective systemic therapy is available: as mentioned above, three out of five of our patients who received cisplatin/etoposide ChT died of distant metastases.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 78%

“…High-dose induction or concurrent ChT (cisplatin/etoposide) directed to potential (micro)metastases was administered in five patients without obvious benefit, as systemic metastases developed/progressed during follow-up in three of them. Based on the above observations, we can only confirm that, besides in WD tumors, local treatment alone also has curative potential in early-stage HN-NECs of higher grades, assuring favorable disease control above clavicles and survival as already described by others [ 11 , 14 , 24 ]. However, an aggressive multimodal approach is needed for advanced disease, particularly in cases with extensive neck involvement, although no survival advantage of any of the treatment approaches (upfront surgery vs. non-surgery) was confirmed among our patients upon univariate analysis.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 61%

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Neuroendocrine Carcinoma of the Larynx and Pharynx: A Clinical and Histopathological Study

Strojan

Šifrer

Ferlito³

et al. 2021

Cancers

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Neuroendocrine carcinomas (NECs) of the head and neck are rare and the experience scanty. The Cancer Registry of Slovenia database was used to identify cases of laryngeal and pharyngeal NECs diagnosed between 1995–2020. Biopsies were analyzed for the expression of standard neuroendocrine markers (synaptophysin, chromogranin, CD56), INSM1, Ki-67, p16, and PD-L1 (using the combined positive score, CPS). In situ hybridization for human papillomavirus (HPV) and Epstein–Barr virus (EBV) was performed. Twenty patients (larynx, 12; pharynx, 8) were identified. One tumor was well differentiated (WD), five were moderately differentiated (MD), and 14 were poorly differentiated (PD). Disease control was achieved solely by surgery in 4/4 MD/PD T1-2N0-1 tumors. Eight patients died of the disease, seven of which were due to distant metastases. All three traditional markers were positive in 11/17 NECs and the INSM1 marker in all 20 tumors. Two of fourteen p16-positive tumors were HPV-positive, but all three nasopharyngeal NECs were EBV-negative. Three tumors had CPSs ≥ 1. In conclusion, INSM1 was confirmed to be a reliable marker of neuroendocrine differentiation. Except in WD and early-stage MD/PD tumors, aggressive multimodal therapy is needed; the optimal systemic therapy remains to be determined. p16, HPV, and EBV seem to bear no prognostic information.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 79%

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 78%

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 61%

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Neuroendocrine Carcinoma of the Larynx and Pharynx: A Clinical and Histopathological Study

Strojan

Šifrer

Ferlito³

et al. 2021

Cancers

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“…As for the primary sites, nasal cavity/paranasal sinuses ( n = 16, 41%) was remarkably more often than previous reports ( Table 1 ) ( 4 , 14 , 21 , 22 ). As for stage, stage IV ( n = 27, 69%) was as many as other reports ( 3 , 11 , 12 , 21 , 22 ), and Stage IV-C ( n = 5, 13%) was less than other reports ( Table 2 ) ( 3 , 21 , 22 ).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 53%

Head and neck small-cell carcinoma: A multicenter study of 39 cases from 10 institutions

et al. 2022

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ObjectiveBasal information of head and neck small-cell carcinoma (HNSmCC) including epidemiology, primary site, treatment, and prognosis remains sparse due to its rarity. We report here a multicenter retrospective study on the diagnosis, treatment, and outcomes of patients with HNSmCC.Materials and methodsThis study involved 47 patients with HNSmCC from 10 participating institutions. Eight patients were excluded for whom no pathological specimens were available (n = 2) and for discrepant central pathological judgements (n = 6). The remaining 39 patients were processed for data analysis.ResultsAs pretreatment examinations, computed tomography (CT) was performed for the brain (n = 8), neck (n = 39), and chest (n = 32), magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) for the brain (n = 4) and neck (n = 23), positron emission tomography-CT (PET-CT) in 23 patients, bone scintigraphy in 4, neck ultrasonography in 9, and tumor markers in 25. Primary sites were oral cavity (n = 1), nasal cavity/paranasal sinuses (n = 16), nasopharynx (n = 2), oropharynx (n = 4), hypopharynx (n = 2), larynx (n = 6), salivary gland (n = 3), thyroid (n = 2), and others (n = 3). Stages were II/III/IV-A/IV-B/IV-C/Not determined = 3/5/16/6/5/4; stage IV comprised 69%. No patient had brain metastases. First-line treatments were divided into 3 groups: the chemoradiotherapy (CRT) group (n = 27), non-CRT group (n = 8), and best supportive care group (n = 4). The CRT group included concurrent CRT (CCRT) (n = 17), chemotherapy (Chemo) followed by radiotherapy (RT) (n = 5), and surgery (Surg) followed by CCRT (n = 5). The non-CRT group included Surg followed by RT (n = 2), Surg followed by Chemo (n = 1), RT alone (n = 2), and Chemo alone (n = 3). The 1-year/2-year overall survival (OS) of all 39 patients was 65.3/53.3%. The 1-year OS of the CRT group (77.6%) was significantly better compared with the non-CRT group (31.3%). There were no significant differences in adverse events between the CCRT group (n = 22) and the Chemo without concurrent RT group (n = 9).ConclusionNeck and chest CT, neck MRI, and PET-CT would be necessary and sufficient examinations in the diagnostic set up for HNSmCC. CCRT may be recommended as the first-line treatment. The 1-year/2-year OS was 65.3%/53.3%. This study would provide basal data for a proposing the diagnostic and treatment algorithms for HNSmCC.

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“…Overall, the prognosis of HNMM patients is better than that of patients with other malignancies in the head and neck region (25,26). According to the largest case series reported to date, the 5-year cumulative survival rate of 59 Chinese patients with HNMM was 62% (27).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Malignant Myoepithelioma of the Head and Neck: Demographics, Clinicopathological Characteristics, Treatment, and Prognosis

et al. 2022

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Malignant myoepithelioma of the head and neck (HNMM) is a rare malignancy, and its characteristics and survival rates have not been well-defined. This study aimed to define the epidemiology of HNMM and identify the prognostic factors associated with the disease. Data on all patients diagnosed with HNMM between 1991 and 2016 were gathered from the Surveillance Epidemiology and End Results (SEER) database. The demographics, clinicopathological characteristics, treatment, and prognoses of the patients were described. Cox regression analysis was used to identify the prognostic factors, and the prognostic nomograms for overall survival (OS) and disease-specific survival (DSS) were constructed. A total of 333 cases of HNMM were identified. The average age at diagnosis was 60.6 years, and 50.1% of the patients were men. After diagnosis, 46.2% of patients underwent surgery alone, 43.5% of patients underwent surgery and radiotherapy, and 3.6% of patients received only radiotherapy. Survival analysis showed that the 5-year OS and DSS for all HNMM patients were 69.7 and 82.1%, respectively. In the multivariate analysis model, the undifferentiated pathological grade (P <0.05) and M1 in the M category (P <0.01) were independent prognostic factors for poor OS and DSS, whereas the use of surgical resection was an independent favorable prognostic factor for both OS and DSS (P <0.05). The prognostic nomograms for OS and DSS prediction were constructed; the C-index values for OS and DSS prediction were 0.78 (95% CI 0.70–0.86) and 0.79 (95% CI 0.67–0.90), respectively. In conclusion, this SEER data-based study demonstrated that HNMM patients often had a favorable prognosis, and distant metastasis, pathological grade, and the use of surgery contributed to their survival. Furthermore, we developed a prognostic nomogram to predict OS and DSS for HNMM patients to aid physicians in the clinical management of this rare disease.

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Clinicopathological characteristics, treatment and prognosis of head & neck small cell carcinoma: a SEER population-based study

Cited by 8 publications

References 24 publications

Neuroendocrine Carcinoma of the Larynx and Pharynx: A Clinical and Histopathological Study

Neuroendocrine Carcinoma of the Larynx and Pharynx: A Clinical and Histopathological Study

Head and neck small-cell carcinoma: A multicenter study of 39 cases from 10 institutions

Malignant Myoepithelioma of the Head and Neck: Demographics, Clinicopathological Characteristics, Treatment, and Prognosis

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