Clinicopathological and prognostic characteristics of CD56‐negative multiple myeloma

Sahara, Naohi; Takeshita, Akira; Shigeno, Kazuyuki; Fujisawa, Shinya; Takeshita, Kaori; Naito, Kensuke; Ihara, Michio; Ono, Takaaki; Tamashima, Sadahiro; Nara, Kenji; Ohnishi, Kazunori; Ohno, Ryuzo

doi:10.1046/j.1365-2141.2002.03513.x

Cited by 132 publications

(122 citation statements)

References 9 publications

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“…3,[20][21][22] Furthermore, we observed that several markers that may be aberrantly expressed in plasma cell neoplasms, CD56, CD10 and CD4, were also expressed in most cases of plasmablastic lymphoma. CD56 and CD10, markers frequently expressed in plasma cell myeloma, [23][24][25] were positive in 5/9 and in 6/9 of the plasmablastic lymphoma cases in our series, respectively. Given the preponderance of post-germinal center markers seen in all of our plasmablastic lymphoma cases, we believe that CD10 expression in plasmablastic lymphoma is temporally aberrant, as may be seen in plasma cell myeloma.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 49%

Plasmablastic lymphomas and plasmablastic plasma cell myelomas have nearly identical immunophenotypic profiles

Vega

Chang

Medeiros³

et al. 2005

Modern Pathology

318

299

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Plasmablastic lymphoma is an aggressive neoplasm that shares many cytomorphologic and immunophenotypic features with plasmablastic plasma cell myeloma. However, plasmablastic lymphoma is listed in the World Health Organization (WHO) classification as a variant of diffuse large B-cell lymphoma. To characterize the relationship between plasmablastic lymphoma and plasmablastic plasma cell myeloma, we performed immunohistochemistry using a large panel of B-cell and plasma cell markers on nine cases of plasmablastic lymphoma and seven cases of plasmablastic plasma cell myeloma with and without HIV/AIDS. The expression profiles of the tumor suppressor genes p53, p16, and p27, and the presence of Epstein-Barr virus (EBV) and human herpes virus type 8 (HHV-8) were also analyzed. All cases of plasmablastic lymphoma and plasmablastic plasma cell myeloma were positive for MUM1/IRF4, CD138, and CD38, and negative for CD20, corresponding to a plasma cell immunophenotype. PAX-5 and BCL-6 were weakly positive in 2/9 and 1/5 plasmablastic lymphomas, and negative in all plasmablastic plasma cell myelomas. Three markers that are often aberrantly expressed in cases of plasma cell myelomas, CD56, CD4 and CD10, were positive in 5/9, 2/5, and 6/9 plasmablastic lymphomas, and in 3/7, 1/5, and 2/7 plasmablastic plasma cell myelomas. A high Ki-67 proliferation index, overexpression of p53, and loss of expression of p16 and p27 were present in both tumors. No evidence of HHV-8 infection was detected in either neoplasm. The only significant difference between plasmablastic lymphoma and plasma cell myeloma was the presence of EBV-encoded RNA, which was positive in all plasmablastic lymphoma cases tested and negative in all plasma cell myelomas. In conclusion, most cases of AIDS-related plasmablastic lymphoma have an immunophenotype and tumor suppressor gene expression profile virtually identical to plasmablastic plasma cell myeloma, and unlike diffuse large B-cell lymphoma. These results do not support the suggestion in the WHO classification that plasmablastic lymphoma is a variant of diffuse large B-cell lymphoma.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 49%

Plasmablastic lymphomas and plasmablastic plasma cell myelomas have nearly identical immunophenotypic profiles

Vega

Chang

Medeiros³

et al. 2005

Modern Pathology

318

299

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“…Several studies have shown association between the absence of expression in MM patients and extramedullary myeloma and shorter PFS but not different OS [20][21][22]. We also confirm that there is no prognostic impact of CD56 on MM patients' OS.…”

supporting

confidence: 83%

Increased expression of cyclin‐D1 on trephine bone marrow biopsies independently predicts for shorter overall survival in patients with multiple myeloma treated with novel agents

et al. 2012

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Multiple myeloma (MM) comprises 1% of all malignancies and 13% of hematological malignancies in the Caucasian population. Yearly incidence is 4/100,000 in the US and is higher in blacks and males [1]. The pathogenesis of the disease is relatively unknown; several chromosomal abnormalities have been related to the development of the disease, but none is characteristic of MM. Cyclin-D1 is a protein encoded by the CCND1 (bcl-1) gene on chromosome 11q13, and is an important regulator of G1 to S phase progression.Overexpression or overactivity of the CCND1 is common in malignancies including MM, mantle cell lymphoma, breast cancer, and hepatocellular cancer [2][3][4]. Previous studies have shown that CCND1 is expressed in 50% of patients with MM and that CCND1 overexpression represents an unfavorable prognostic factor in MM [5,6]. However, a recent study in a small number of patients showed that overexpressed CCND1 in MM is an independent prognostic marker associated with a more durable response to bortezomib. The aim of our study was to evaluate the impact of the immunohistochemical expression of cyclin-D1 in the plasma cells of trephine biopsies on survival of newly-diagnosed patients with MM who were treated with novel agents. One hundred and thirty consecutive patients with newly diagnosed MM were evaluated (66 males and 64 females). All patients were diagnosed, treated, and followed-up in a single center (Department of Clinical Therapeutics, University of Athens Medical School, Athens, Greece). Clinical characteristics of the patients are depicted in Table I. The median age of the patients was 68 years (range: 35-85 years). Forty-five patients (35%) had advanced disease at diagnosis (Stage 3 according to international staging system (ISS)). One hundred and fifteen patients (pts) had symptomatic disease that required therapy: 29 (25%) received bortezomib-based regimens (15 patients VTD (Bortezomib, Thalidomide and Dexamethasone), 5 patients VMP, and 5 patients PAD (Bortezomib, Doxorubicin and Dexamethasone)), 31 (26%) received thalidomide-based regimens (21 patients melphalan prednisone and thalidomide (MPT) and 10 patients thalidomide, vincristine, doxorubicin, dexamethasone (T-VAD)), and 55 received conventional treatment (20 patients VAD and 35 patients melphalan and prednisone) as first-line therapy, while all patients received regimens containing bortezomib or an immunomodulatory agents at some point during the course of their disease. Nineteen patients (16.5%) received high-dose melphalan plus autologous stem cell transplantation (ASCT). The median follow-up time for these patients was 22 months.Among patients with symptomatic myeloma (N 5 115), positive staining for cyclin-D1 (Fig. 1) was found in 35 (30%) patients, for CD56 in 45 (39%), for CD117 in 94 (81%), and for CD27 in 72 (62%) patients. In patients with asymptomatic/smoldering myeloma, positive staining for cyclin-D1 was found only in 1 (7%) patient, for CD56 in 9 (64%), and for CD117 in 6 (43%) (P < 0.01 for all comparisons compared to symptomatic...

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“…Although it was suggested that downregulation of CD56 (NCAM) by aberrant PC is involved in extramedullary spreading, an increased aggressiveness and adverse outcome in MM (75)(76)(77), this has not been confirmed by others (78,79) and in fact, lack of CD56 expression has been associated with fewer osteolytic lesions (68,69). Similarly, CD45 expression has also been claimed to be associated with increased PC proliferation, due to the potential role of the CD45 tyrosine phosphatase on the expression of both the IL-6 and IGF-1 PC growth factor receptors (36).…”

Section: Utility Of Mfc In MM and Other Plasma Cell Dyscrasiasmentioning

confidence: 99%

Utility of flow cytometry immunophenotyping in multiple myeloma and other clonal plasma cell‐related disorders

Paiva

Almeida

Pérez-Andrés

et al. 2010

Cytometry Part B Clinical

180

149

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Clinicopathological and prognostic characteristics of CD56‐negative multiple myeloma

Cited by 132 publications

References 9 publications

Plasmablastic lymphomas and plasmablastic plasma cell myelomas have nearly identical immunophenotypic profiles

Plasmablastic lymphomas and plasmablastic plasma cell myelomas have nearly identical immunophenotypic profiles

Increased expression of cyclin‐D1 on trephine bone marrow biopsies independently predicts for shorter overall survival in patients with multiple myeloma treated with novel agents

Utility of flow cytometry immunophenotyping in multiple myeloma and other clonal plasma cell‐related disorders

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