Clinicopathologic Features of Familial Nonmedullary Thyroid Carcinoma

Abstract

Background:Familial nonmedullary thyroid carcinoma (FNMTC) is a variant of nonmedullary thyroid carcinoma(NMTC) with particular clinicopathologic features. In recent years, a number of studies have shown that FNMTC is more invasive than sporadic NMTC(SNMTC). The purpose of this study was to explore the differences in clinicopathologic features of FNMTC between different types of families and to determine in which of these families more invasive FNMTC occurred.Methods:We retrospectively reviewed all patients with thyroid carcinoma admitted to Peking Union Medical College Hospital from January 2009 to July 2013 in the database. Of all 2000 cases, 55 met the inclusive criteria for FNMTC and were studied. There are two different grouping methods. The first is that all samples were allocated to families with three or more first-degree relatives affected (FNMTC-3 group) and families with only two affected first-degree relatives (FNMTC-2 group). The second is that all patients were divided into families with three or more affected first-degree relatives over two generations (FNMTC-3-2 group) and the other families. We compared the clinicopathologic features such as sex, age, tumor size, multifocality, location, complications by thyroiditis, complications by benign thyroid nodules, surgical procedure, capsule invasion, histological type, lymph node metastases, tumor node metastasis stage, and BRAF mutation between FNMTC-2 group and FNMTC-3 group. We also made the same comparison between FNMTC-3-2 group and other families.Results:No pronounced differences in clinicopathological features were present between FNMTC-2 group and FNMTC-3 group. The proportion of FNMTC-3-2 group aged <45 years was significantly higher than that in the other families (58.8% vs. 26.3%, P = 0.021). A similar difference was found in the proportion of lymph node metastasis (64.7% vs. 34.2%, P = 0.035).Conclusions:FNMTC-3-2 is more invasive than the other families. Early screening and positive treatment for members of these families are recommended.

Longer Time to Reach Excellent Response to Treatment in Familial Versus Sporadic Non-medullary Thyroid Cancer (NMTC): A Matched Case-Control Study

“…Furthermore, we looked at the number of involved family members and compared two subgroups of patients with two involved members and more than two involved members. There was no significant difference between the two groups in terms of response to therapy, similar to other reports that found no significant difference (10,11,17,21). These findings suggest that the number of involved family members did not change the prognosis in familial NMTC.…”

Heat-balance Thermal Protection with High Thermal Conductivity Materials for Hypersonic Vehicle

“…3) to validate thermal protection effect of the heat-balance leading edge structure. Liu [19] proposed a numerical model of a heat-balance thermal protection structure with high thermal conductivity C/C material embedded for reusable launch vehicle．Thermal protection effect on the structure was studied with experiment and numerical simulation, whose results showed good agreement with each other. With heat-balance thermal protection structure, the temperature on stagnation point decreased from 2345K to 1980K and the temperature on tail part increased from 867K to 982K (see Fig.…”

Familial non-medullary thyroid cancer: a critical review

“…Unfortunately, no interventional screening programs have reported these outcomes. Currently, proponents of screening point to some (but not all) studies reporting of disease appearance at an earlier age [16,45,[51][52][53][54][55], and studies reporting more advanced disease at presentation leading to worse outcomes, especially in patients with three or more affected members [45,53,54,[56][57][58][59][60]. However, published studies are conflicting, with one meta-analysis and several studies reporting clinical course and outcome similar to sporadic disease [61][62][63][64].…”

“…To determine whether patients with FNMTC require more aggressive therapy, it is important to differentiate between studies evaluating disease presentation (comparing consecutive patients with FNMTC with consecutive patients with sporadic disease, often with different baseline characteristics) [ 16 , 18 , 51 – 54 , 56 , 57 , 60 , 64 , 70 – 73 ], from studies evaluating outcome in groups which are matched for baseline characteristics [ 61 , 63 , 74 ].…”