Clinico-pathological studies of cattle naturally infected with Mycobacterium avium subspecies paratuberculosis in Khartoum State, Sudan

Mohammed, Kazim; Mohamed, Zakia A.

doi:10.5455/vetworld.2012.69-74

Cited by 4 publications

(7 citation statements)

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“…Clinically sick animals show chronic diarrhea, debility, progressive weight loss and emaciation. Decreased serum concentrations of calcium, total protein and albumin have been also reported in cattle and sheep with clinical JD (Mohammed and Mohammed, 2012). MAP is frequently excreted in feces, milk and semen of clinical or sub-clinical infected animals thus increasing environmental load of MAP (Verma, 2013).…”

Section: Jd (Map) Infection In Animalsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Following oral ingestion, the organism localizes in the mucosa of the small intestine, its associated lymph nodes and, to a lesser extent, in the tonsils and supra-pharyngeal lymph nodes (Mohammed and Mohammed, 2012;Radostits et al, 2006 ). The primary site of bacterial multiplication is the terminal part of the small intestine and the large intestine.…”

Section: Pathogenesismentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The primary site of bacterial multiplication is the terminal part of the small intestine and the large intestine. At least three different groups of animals can occur depending on the host bacteria relationship that becomes established (Mohammed and Mohammed, 2012). In the first group, animals develop resistance quickly, control the infection and do not become shedders (infected resistant) .…”

Section: Pathogenesismentioning

confidence: 99%

“…In the second group, the infection is not completely controlled; some animals will partially control the infection and will shed the organism intermittently, others will become intermediate cases which are incubating the disease and will be heavy shedders of the organism. In the third group, the organism persists in the intestinal mucosa and from among these animals the clinical cases develop (Mohammed and Mohammed, 2012). The organism is phagocytized by macrophages which in turn proliferate in large numbers and infiltrate the intestinal submucosa which results in decreased absorption, chronic diarrhea, and resulting malabsorption.…”

Section: Pathogenesismentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Most of the losses occur due to subclinical stage of disease, in the form of progressive weight loss, reduced milk production, lower slaughter value, and premature culling, and reduced fertility (Mohammed and Mohammed, 2012).…”

Section: Economic Importancementioning

confidence: 99%

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Mycobacterium avium subspecies paratuberculosis: An Emerging Bacterial Disease of Global Public Health Significance

Rahman

2016

Microbes & Health

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Mycobacterium avium subspecies paratuberculosis (MAP) is the etiological agent of chronic enteric disease of ruminant known as paratuberculosis (Johne's disease). The disease causes considerable economic losses worldwide due to reduced milk production and eventually, diarrhoea, weight loss and death. Johne's disease (JD) has some pathological similarities with Crohn's disease (CD)in humans, and the role of MAP in the causation of CD has been under investigation for last 100 years. Animals infected with JD shed viable MAP in the blood, and tissues.Consequently, transmission to humans may occur via consumption of animal derived foods. In developing countries, limited information is available on the occurrence of MAP infection in animals and humans. MAP infection has been established in animals and humans may get the MAP exposure through food chain or contaminated environment. Presently, MAP is of great public health significance because it is speculated to be involved in Crohn's disease in humans. The present review summarizes the information primarily on the nature of MAP in animals and humans, economic losses and morbidity and mortality due to JD and CD at global level. Current concept on the possible relationship between MAP and Crohn's disease has also been reviewed.

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Section: Jd (Map) Infection In Animalsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Pathogenesismentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Pathogenesismentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Pathogenesismentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Economic Importancementioning

confidence: 99%

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Mycobacterium avium subspecies paratuberculosis: An Emerging Bacterial Disease of Global Public Health Significance

Rahman

2016

Microbes & Health

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Prevalence of paratuberculosis in cattle based on gross and microscopic lesions in Ethiopia

Mohammed,

Mamo,

Zewude

et al. 2023

BMC Vet Res

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Background Paratuberculosis, caused by Mycobacterium avium subsp. paratuberculosis (MAP), is a chronic progressive granulomatous enteritis mainly affecting domestic and wild ruminants worldwide. Although paratuberculosis could be prevail in Ethiopia, there is a scarcity of epidemiological data on paratuberculosis in the country. Thus, this study was conducted to estimate the prevalence of paratuberculosis based on gross and microscopic lesions in cattle slaughtered at ELFORA Abattoir, central Ethiopia. Small intestines and associated lymph nodes of 400 apparently healthy cattle which were slaughtered at ELFORA export abattoir were examined for gross and microscopic lesions of paratuberculosis. The microscopic lesions were classified into four grades (I-IV) based on the type and number of cells infiltrated into the lesion. The prevalence of paratuberculosis was estimated on the basis of gross as well as microscopic lesion of paratuberculosis. Results The prevalence of paratuberculosis was 11.25% (95% Confidence interval, CI = 0.083–0.148) on the basis of gross lesion. However, relatively lower prevalence (2.0%, 95% CI = 0.01, 0.039) was recorded based on microscopic lesion. The gross lesions were characterized by intestinal thickening, mucosal corrugations and enlargement of associated mesenteric lymph nodes. On the other hand, the microscopic lesions were characterized by granuloma of different grades ranging from grade I to grade III lesions. Conclusions The present study indicated the occurrence of paratuberculosis in cattle of Ethiopia based on the detection of gross and microscopic lesions consistent with the lesion of paratuberculosis. The result of this study could be used as baseline information for future studies on the epidemiology and economic significance of paratuberculosis.

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Prevalence and pathology of paratuberculosis in cattle slaughtered at ELFORA export abattoir Bishoftu, central Ethiopia

Mohammed

Mamo

Zewudi

et al. 2022

Preprint

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Background Paratuberculosis, caused by Mycobacterium avium subsp. paratuberculosis (MAP), is a chronic progressive granulomatous enteritis affecting ruminants and a wide variety of domestic and wild life species worldwide. Although there are reports of clinical cases of paratuberculosis in different veterinary clinics in Ethiopia, there is no epidemiological data on this disease in Ethiopia. Thus, this study was formulated to investigate the prevalence and pathology of paratuberculosis in apparently healthy cattle slaughtered at ELFORA export abattoir. Small intestines and associated mesenteric lymph nodes of 400 cattle slaughtered at ELFORA export abattoir were examined for gross pathological lesions of paratuberculosis. The diagnosis was confirmed by histopathological examination. The microscopic lesions were then graded on the basis of the type and amount of cellular infiltrations. Results When the intestines and the corresponding lymph nodes were examined in the slaughterhouses the prevalence of paratuberculosis gross lesions was 11.25% (45/400). The gross lesions were characterized by intestinal thickening, mucosal corrugations and enlargement of associated mesenteric lymph nodes. Histopathologically 17.9% (8/45) of the cattle with gross lesion were found to have microscopic lesion compatible with paratuberculosis. The microscopic lesions were characterized by granuloma of different grades. The grading of the microscopic lesions revealed 2 animals had grade I, 4 grade II and 2 grade III lesions. Conclusions This study indicated the occurrence of paratuberculosis in cattle of Ethiopia using gross pathological examination of tissue samples. However, gross pathology alone cannot be used as a diagnostic tool and the findings stress the importance of a careful histopathological examination for confirmation of the gross lesions. We conclude that paratuberculosis is prevalent in cattle of Ethiopia for the first time and the result warrants for further nationwide study of the disease to establish its epidemiology and economic significance.

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Clinico-pathological studies of cattle naturally infected with Mycobacterium avium subspecies paratuberculosis in Khartoum State, Sudan

Cited by 4 publications

References 1 publication

Mycobacterium avium subspecies paratuberculosis: An Emerging Bacterial Disease of Global Public Health Significance

Mycobacterium avium subspecies paratuberculosis: An Emerging Bacterial Disease of Global Public Health Significance

Prevalence of paratuberculosis in cattle based on gross and microscopic lesions in Ethiopia

Prevalence and pathology of paratuberculosis in cattle slaughtered at ELFORA export abattoir Bishoftu, central Ethiopia

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