Clinico-microbiological profile of urinary tract infection in South India

Abstract

The knowledge of etiology and antibiotic resistance pattern of the organisms causing urinary tract infection is essential. This study was taken up to determine the presentation and risk factors associated with community-acquired urinary tract infection (CA-UTI). The distribution of bacterial strains isolated from these patients and their resistance pattern were also studied. This multidisciplinary prospective observational study was conducted in M. S. Ramaiah Hospital, Bangalore, between January and December, 2008. Patients who had CA-UTI confirmed by positive urine culture reports were included in the study. Statistical analysis was done using the SPSS version 16. Symptomatology and others risk factors for CA-UTI were studied in these patients and the causative organisms and their resistance patterns were recorded. Of the total 510 patients included, 57% belonged to the elderly age group (50–79 years). Fever and dysuria were the most common clinical presentation, but were not specific in predicting CA-UTI. Escherichia coli (66.9%) was the most common organism causing CA-UTIs with extended spectrum beta lactamase (ESBL) resistance seen in nearly two-thirds of these cases (42.2%). The organisms recorded least resistance against carbapenems (3.9%). A high resistance rate was seen for fluoroquinolones (74.1%). In conclusion, a high rate of ESBL-positive organisms and their resistance to commonly used antibiotics brings a concern for future options in treating these conditions.

High prevalence of extended-spectrum β-lactamase-producing pathogens: results of a surveillance study in two hospitals in Ujjain, India

“…If cotrimoxazole resistance is >20%, fluoroquinolone, nitrofurantoin, or fosfomycin are recommended 26. In the present study, resistance to cotrimoxazole was documented to be >80%, which is in accordance with the high-resistance rates recorded in other Indian studies 27. Most patients at the two study sites were treated with norfloxacin in outpatient clinics 28.…”

Bacterial pathogens causing UTI and their antibiotic sensitivity pattern: a study from a tertiary care hospital from South India

“…The prevalence rate in this study was 33.14% which is relatively higher than studies conducted in other parts of India [11,12]. The prevalence rate is similar to study by Shanthi et al showing 32% [13] and studies from northeast India showing a prevalence rate of 30% [14].…”

A study on the aac-(61)-lb-cr gene prevalence among ciprofloxacin-resistant strains of uropathogenic Enterobacteriaceae

“…has shown that 42% of the uropathogens isolated from patients with community-acquired UTIs showed extended spectrum beta lactamase production whereas 74% showed resistance to fluoroquinolones. [6] Detection of fluoroquinolone resistance is important for patient care. Indiscriminate usage of antibiotics is the main reason for the present condition where there is almost 53% resistance to ciprofloxacin.…”