Clinico-histopathological correlation of pigmented skin lesions: A hospital based study at BPKIHS

Abstract

Background: Pigmented skin lesions refers to melanocytic as well as nonmelanocytic lesions. Pigmentation is not just a cosmetic deformity but can also reflect underlying benign pathology as nevi or malignant lesions as melanoma. With this study we intend to evaluate the spectrum of pigmented skin lesions and to correlate the clinical diagnosis with the histological diagnosis.
 Materials and Methods: This is a hospital based cross sectional descriptive study where clinicohistopathological evaluation of 46 cases of pigmented skin lesions were analyzed on paraffin embedded tissue sections for a duration of 1 year at the Department of Pathology, B. P. Koirala Institute of Health Sciences.
 Results: Out of the 46 cases evaluated there were 32 cases of melanocytic lesions comprising of benign melanocytic nevi (n=27), malignant melanoma (n=5) and 14 cases of nonmelanocytic lesions including basal cell carcinoma and seborrhoeic keratosis (5 cases each). Angiokeratoma (n=1), sebaceous hyperplasia (n=1), trichoepitheloma (n=1) and venous haemangioma (n=1). The age range was from 8-83 years with slight female predominance (52.2%) and the most common site involved was head and neck (58.7%). 76.1% of the patients belonged to the Terai region. Clinicohistopathological correlation showed positive correlation in 26 cases (56.5%) and negative correlation in 20 cases (43.5%).
 Conclusions: Pigmented skin lesions are common presenting problem, while majority are benign a small minority can be malignant. So, clinically pigmented skin lesions should be submitted for pathological examination in order not to miss a small percentage of malignant tumors and to differentiate melanocytic lesions from its nonmelanocytic mimickers.

A Clinicopathological Study of Spectrum of Pigmented Skin Lesions in Southern India: A Three Year Experience at a Tertiary Care Centre with Review of Literature

“…The findings were similar to Leishram et al, [5], Parvathi et al [8], Mackie et al, [10] and dissimilar with Youl et al, [11]. Most commonly involved site was the head and neck region including the face 29(38.6%) (Table 4a & 4b) which was in concordance with Leishram et al, [5], Bohra et al, [7] and Parvathi et al, [8]. Malignant lesions constituted 17(22.6%) of the study which included 10(13.3%) cases of malignant melanoma and 7(9.3%) cases of basal cell carcinoma.…”

“…Similar findings were reported in study by Prasad et al, [6]. However, in studies by Leishram et al, [5], Bohra et al, [7] and Parvathi et al [8] the incidence of PSLs of melanocytic origin was more. In our study, there was an increased presentation of PMLs in females 44 cases (58.7%) as compared to males 31(41.3%) with male to female ratio of 1:1.4 (Table -2).…”

“…In our study, there was an increased presentation of PMLs in females 44 cases (58.7%) as compared to males 31(41.3%) with male to female ratio of 1:1.4 (Table -2). Overall, benign melanocytic nevi were the most common lesion 13(17.3%) which showed increased preponderance among females 7(9.3%), similar to observations of Leishram et al, [5], Bohra et al, [7], Parvathi et al, [8] and Schafer et al, [9]. Most PSLs presented below 50 years of age.…”

“…The 03 cases of cavernous hemangioma were distributed over chest and leg microscopically characterised by dilated, thin walled capillaries with a simple endothelial lining and fibrous adventitia. Angiokeratoma and hemangioma were also described by Bohra et al, [7] in their study.…”

A Retrospective Study of Demographic, Clinical, and Histopathological Profiles of Cutaneous Tumors

“…Melanocytic nevi and seborrheic keratosis, which are among the most common pigmented tumors, represented less than 50% of benign tumors in our study. 15 Seborrheic keratosis may also be nonpigmented. 16 The majority of other benign tumors are nonpigmented, which may explain the observed predominance of nonpigmented lesions among benign tumors.…”