Clinical Utility of the Sport Concussion Assessment Tool 3 (SCAT3) Tandem-Gait Test in High School Athletes

Santo, Ashley L.; Lynall, Robert C.; Guskiewicz, Kevin M.; Mihalik, Jason P.

doi:10.4085/1062-6050-52.11.26

Cited by 19 publications

(13 citation statements)

References 34 publications

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“…In addition, the mean single-task test completion time among our cohort of participants was approximately 14 seconds. Although 14 seconds was the recommended pass/fail criterion in the SCAT3, 29 our results align with those of Santo et al, 23 who observed that this threshold resulted in a high false-positive rate and that this time should not be used for all adolescent athletes.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 88%

“…The primary outcome variable was the time required to complete the test, averaged across 3 trials completed in each condition and was selected based on previous research. 9,10,[20][21][22][23] This outcome is consistent with the SCAT3 test, whereas the SCAT5 uses a pass/fail criterion. No participants failed a trial (defined as an overt separation of the heel and toe, stepping off the tape, or touching the test administrator), so using a pass/fail criterion as a primary outcome measure would not have yielded meaningful results among our sample.…”

Section: Testing Timelinesupporting

confidence: 72%

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Tandem Gait Test-Retest Reliability Among Healthy Child and Adolescent Athletes

Howell

Brilliant

Meehan

2019

Journal of Athletic Training

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Context The tandem gait test is a method for assessing dynamic postural control and part of the Sport Concussion Assessment Tool, versions 3 and 5. However, its reliability among child and adolescent athletes has yet to be established. Objective To examine the test-retest reliability of the single-task and dual-task tandem gait test among healthy child and adolescent athletes. Design Descriptive laboratory study. Setting Sports injury-prevention center. Patients or Other Participants Uninjured and healthy athletes between the ages of 9 and 18 years. Intervention(s) Tandem gait measures repeated 3 times across the period of approximately 1 month. Main Outcome Measure(s) Participants completed the tandem gait test under single-task and dual-task (ie, while simultaneously executing a cognitive task) conditions. Our primary outcome measure was completion time during the single-task and dual-task conditions. We also assessed cognitive accuracy and response rate while participants completed the dual-task tandem gait test. Results Thirty-two child and adolescent athletes completed the study (mean age = 14.3 ± 2.4 years; females = 16). Single-task tandem gait times were similar across the 3 testing sessions (14.4 ± 4.8, 13.5 ± 4.2, and 13.8 ± 4.8 seconds; P = .45). Dual-task tandem gait times steadily improved across the test timeline (18.6 ± 6.9, 16.6 ± 4.5, and 15.8 ± 4.7 seconds; P = .02). Bivariate correlations indicated moderately high to high agreement from test 1 to test 2 (single-task r = .627; dual-task r = 0.655) and from test 2 to test 3 (single-task r = 0.852; dual-task r = 0.775). Both the single-task (intraclass correlation coefficient; ICC [3,1] = 0.86; 95% confidence interval [CI] = 0.73, 0.93) and dual-task (ICC [3,1] = 0.84; 95% CI = 0.69, 0.92) conditions demonstrated high reliability across testing sessions. Conclusions Tandem gait outcome measures demonstrated high test-retest reliability in both the single- and dual-task conditions. The overall reliability was within the acceptable range for clinical practice, but improvements across tests suggested a moderate practice effect. Tandem gait represents a reliable, dynamic, postural-control test that requires minimal space, cost, and time.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 88%

Section: Testing Timelinesupporting

confidence: 72%

Tandem Gait Test-Retest Reliability Among Healthy Child and Adolescent Athletes

Howell

Brilliant

Meehan

2019

Journal of Athletic Training

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“…e corresponding mainstream algorithms include pose estimation algorithm, linear model, compound pose estimation regression algorithm, and other algorithms [31][32][33].…”

Section: Related Research: Research Status Of Motion Training System ...mentioning

confidence: 99%

Design and Optimization of Motion Training System Assisted by Human Posture Estimation Algorithm

Dang

Dong

et al. 2022

Scientific Programming

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With the rapid development of computer technology and electronic information technology, the sports training system no longer depends on the traditional algorithm for operation support, and various advanced posture algorithms are emerging. At the same time, it also further optimizes the intelligence and accuracy of the sports training algorithm. As an advanced algorithm combined with virtual reality technology, human posture estimation algorithm plays an obvious role in optimizing the effect of sports training. This paper will design a motion training system based on the optimized and improved human posture trajectory algorithm, use the depth image correlation theory to solve the problem of non-Gaussian noise crosstalk in the depth image of the traditional human posture algorithm in principle, improve the accurate feature extraction of the depth image by the algorithm, and solve the problem of human feature redundancy, so as to further improve the accuracy of the establishment of a single human model; on the problem of multi-person posture estimation algorithm, this paper proposes a high-resolution multi-person posture high-precision network model and adds the focus mechanism. Based on this, this paper realizes the high-precision and high-speed modeling of multi-person posture, so as to provide an accurate model for the multi-person function of sports training system and improve the efficiency of the algorithm. In the experimental part, this paper takes tennis as a typical case to design the sports training system and experiments based on the system designed in this paper. The experimental results show that the system under the proposed algorithm has obvious advantages in accuracy and training effect.

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“…2 The Center for Disease Control and Prevention estimates that up to 3.8 million SRCs occur each year in the United States, and 21% to 27% of injuries sustained in high school sports are SRCs. 3,4 Concussion may result in impaired performance in neurological [5][6][7] or physical/physiological domains. 8,9 It is estimated that at least 20% of SRCs are undiagnosed or unreported, with SRCs accounting for up to 50% of adolescent concussions in Canada.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Adjusting to Changing Environments: Virtual Preseason SCAT5 Assessment in Canadian Male Youth Football Players

Syrydiuk

Penner

Sick

et al. 2022

Clinical Journal of Sport Medicine

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Objective:To provide preseason reference scores for Canadian youth tackle football players on the Sport Concussion Assessment Tool 5 (SCAT5) and to examine whether age, concussion history, and self-reported medical diagnoses are associated with SCAT5 subcomponent performance.Design:Cross-sectional study.Setting:Calgary, Alberta.Participants:Five hundred one male youth football players (ages 13-18 years) participating in the 2021 season.Assessment of Risk Factors:SCAT5 subcomponents were assessed by age group (13-14, 15-16, 17-18), concussion history (0, 1, 2+, and yes/no), and self-reported diagnoses (headache disorder, attention-deficit/hyperactive disorder, learning disability/dyslexia, and depression, anxiety, or other psychiatric disorder).Main Outcome Measures:Virtual video administration (vs traditional in-person testing) of the SCAT5 was completed, and subcomponent scores included total number of symptoms (/22), symptom-severity score (/132), Standardized Assessment of Concussion [orientation (/5), immediate memory (/30), concentration (/5), delayed recall (/10)], and modified Balance Error Scoring System (/30). Kruskal–Wallis, one-way analysis of variance , Mann–Whitney U, or independent t tests were used to assess possible associations depending on number of groups and data normality.Results:Virtual SCAT5 assessment scores across all outcomes did not differ by age group or concussion history. The median number of symptoms and median symptom-severity score at baseline was 2, and 173 players (34.5%) reported no symptoms. Median total number of errors on the modified Balance Error Scoring System was 3. Participants with certain self-reported diagnoses (attention-deficit/hyperactive disorder, dyslexia) demonstrated poorer performance on some SCAT5 subcomponents (symptom reporting, Standardized Assessment of Concussion).Conclusions:Baseline SCAT5 performance did not differ by age group or concussion history in male youth football players. Diagnoses of the self-reported disorders examined may be important considerations for interpretation of the SCAT5 assessment.

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Clinical Utility of the Sport Concussion Assessment Tool 3 (SCAT3) Tandem-Gait Test in High School Athletes

Cited by 19 publications

References 34 publications

Tandem Gait Test-Retest Reliability Among Healthy Child and Adolescent Athletes

Tandem Gait Test-Retest Reliability Among Healthy Child and Adolescent Athletes

Design and Optimization of Motion Training System Assisted by Human Posture Estimation Algorithm

Adjusting to Changing Environments: Virtual Preseason SCAT5 Assessment in Canadian Male Youth Football Players

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