Clinical Use of Pentoxifylline for Activation of Immotile Testicular Sperm Before ICSI in Patients With Azoospermia

Kovačič, Borut; Vlaisavljević, Veljko; Reljič, Milan

doi:10.2164/jandrol.05079

Cited by 96 publications

(62 citation statements)

References 36 publications

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“…The pellets were overlaid with EBSS medium supplemented with different concentrations of biotin (0, 1, 10, 50, 100, 500 and 1000 nM). Pentoxifylline (1 mM) was used as the positive control [8]. In 10 nM biotin group, the progressive motility was maintained until 4 h (Table 1), which was higher than the control (p>0.05) and pentoxifylline (p<0.05).…”

Section: Patientsmentioning

confidence: 92%

Supplementation of biotin to sperm preparation medium increases the motility and longevity in cryopreserved human spermatozoa

Kalthur¹,

Salian²,

Keyvanifard³

et al. 2012

J Assist Reprod Genet

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Purpose To study the effect of supplementing biotin to sperm preparation medium on the motility of frozen-thawed spermatozoa. Methods Semen samples of men attending the University infertility clinic (n0105) were cryopreserved using glycerolegg yolk-citrate buffered cryoprotective medium in liquid nitrogen. After a period of two weeks, the semen samples were thawed and the motile spermatozoa were extracted by swim-up technique using Earle's balanced salt solution (EBSS) medium supplemented with either biotin (10 nM) or pentoxifylline (1 mM). The post-wash motility was observed up to 4 h after incubation. Results Both biotin and pentoxifylline supplementation resulted in significant increase in total motility (p<0.05), progressive motility (p<0.001) and rapid progressive motility (p<0.05 v/s biotin and p<0.01 v/s pentoxifylline) compared to the control at 1 h post-incubation period. Significantly higher percentage of total (p<0.01, p<0.05 in biotin and pentoxifylline respectively), progressive (p<0.001) and rapid progressive motilities (p<0.01) were observed in these two groups even at 2 h compared to the control. In the control group at 4 h after incubation,~11% decline in total motility and 8% decline in progressive motility was observed. However, in both biotin and pentoxifylline group the motility was significantly higher than control (p<0.001). No significant difference in the motility was observed between biotin and pentoxifylline groups at any of the time intervals studied. Conclusions Biotin can enhance the sperm motility and prolong the survival of frozen-thawed semen samples which may have potential benefit in assisted reproductive technology field.

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Section: Patientsmentioning

confidence: 92%

Supplementation of biotin to sperm preparation medium increases the motility and longevity in cryopreserved human spermatozoa

Kalthur¹,

Salian²,

Keyvanifard³

et al. 2012

J Assist Reprod Genet

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show abstract

“…In this regard, the laboratory has a crucial role not only to ease the sperm search and the selection of the best quality spermatozoa for ICSI but also to maintain the optimal sperm fertilizing ability (25). In order to achieve their goals, laboratory personnel should: i) receive the best quality surgically--retrieved specimen possible, with minimal or no contaminants such as red blood cells and noxious microorganisms; ii) minimize iatrogenic cellular damage during sperm processing by mastering technical skills and controlling factors, such as centrifugation force and duration, exposure to ultraviolet light and temperature variation, laboratory air quality conditions, dilution and washing steps, quality of reagents, culture media and disposable materials; and iii) improve sperm fertilizing potential, if possible, by using stimulants (26) or selecting viable sperm for ICSI when only immotile spermatozoa is available (27).…”

Section: Laboratory Processing Of Surgi-cally-retrieved Spermmentioning

confidence: 99%

Sperm retrieval techniques for assisted reproduction

Esteves¹,

Miyaoka²,

Agarwal³

2011

Int. braz j urol.

125

117

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Different surgical methods such as PESA, MESA, TESA, TESE and micro-TESE have been developed to retrieve spermatozoa from either the epididymis or the testis according to the type of azoospermia, i.e., obstructive or non-obstructive. Laboratory techniques are used to remove contaminants, cellular debris, and red blood cells following collection of the epididymal fluid or testicular tissue. Surgically-retrieved spermatozoa may be used for intracytoplasmic sperm injection (ICSI) and/or cryopreservation. In this article, we review the surgical procedures for retrieving spermatozoa from both the epididymis and the testicle and provide technical details of the commonly used methods. A critical analysis of the advantages and limitations of the current surgical methods to retrieve sperm from males with obstructive and non-obstructive azoospermia is presented along with an overview of the laboratory techniques routinely used to process surgically-retrieved sperm. Lastly, we summarize the results from the current literature of sperm retrieval, as well as the clinical outcome of ICSI in the clinical scenario of obstructive and nonobstructive azoospermia.

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“…This compound has been clinically used to induce tail movements of immotile testicular spermatozoa or of spermatozoa with very low motility (Nassar et al, 1999). The use of pentoxifylline has significantly improved FR and increased the number of embryos in comparison to cycles in which no artificial activation has been used (Kovacic et al, 2006). In a patient with Kartagener′s syndrome, pentoxifylline artificially activated the ejaculated spermatozoa.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Optimizing TESE‐ICSI by laser‐assisted selection of immotile spermatozoa and polarization microscopy for selection of oocytes

et al. 2012

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SUMMARYFor most azoospermic men testicular sperm extraction (TESE) is the only treatment, however it presents challenges for the ART laboratory, as the retrieval of motile spermatozoa is difficult. In the absence of sperm movement no unequivocal distinction can be made between either dead or immotile, but vital spermatozoa. However, a single laser shot directed to the tip of the tail allows recognition of viability because the flagellum coils at the area of impact. To rank the quality and the maturity of oocytes, polarization microscopy can be used. The zona score and the visualization of the meiotic spindle correlate with implantation and pregnancy rates. We compared 65 TESE-ICSI cycles of the years 2007 and 2008 (Group 1, G1) with 58 TESE-ICSI cycles of the years 2009 and 2010 (Group 2, G2). Testicular spermatozoa were injected according to motility and morphology into selected oocytes. In G1 both, oocyte and spermatozoa were rated using light microscopy only, whereas in G2 the laser was used for sperm selection and the oocytes were rated by light and polarization microscopy. In G2 we enhanced our fertilization rate (FR) significantly in comparison to G1 (G1 42.1% vs. G2 52.7%, p < 0.001). The fertilization rate with immotile, but vital spermatozoa improved significantly when applying laser-based selection (p = 0.006). The laser selection of immotile spermatozoa and the use of polarization microscopy can enhance the FR of TESE-ICSI. No negative effect of the laser was seen on birth rates. The FR with immotile, but vital spermatozoa clearly benefits from laser selection and is a non-hazardous and safe method for the selection of viable but immotile sperm. To our knowledge this is the first report using new technology creating novel endpoints for the analysis of spermatozoa and oocytes in TESE-ICSI.

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Clinical Use of Pentoxifylline for Activation of Immotile Testicular Sperm Before ICSI in Patients With Azoospermia

Cited by 96 publications

References 36 publications

Supplementation of biotin to sperm preparation medium increases the motility and longevity in cryopreserved human spermatozoa

Supplementation of biotin to sperm preparation medium increases the motility and longevity in cryopreserved human spermatozoa

Sperm retrieval techniques for assisted reproduction

Optimizing TESE‐ICSI by laser‐assisted selection of immotile spermatozoa and polarization microscopy for selection of oocytes

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