Clinical use and complications of percutaneous cystostomy pigtail catheters in 25 cats

Nurra, Genziana; Howes, Charlotte; Meakin, Lee B; Parsons, Kevin; Friend, Ed

doi:10.1177/1098612x221080902

Cited by 3 publications

(2 citation statements)

References 16 publications

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“…The use of a percutaneous cystotomy pigtail catheters is also suitable for urinary diversion in the cat; however, a 40% complication rate was noted in one study of urine leakage, dislodgement, urinary tract infection and bladder rupture. 17 Placement of a cystostomy tube (see box on pages 10 and 11) is advised for prolonged urinary diversion and, in particular, when there is significant trauma to the lower urinary tract or R E V I E W / Urinary tract trauma in cats neurological dysfunction. This requires general anaesthesia and can be performed via a ventral midline approach 18 or a minimally invasive approach.…”

Section: Uroperitoneummentioning

confidence: 99%

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Urinary Tract Trauma in Cats: Stabilisation, Diagnosis and Management

Robakiewicz¹,

Halfacree²

2023

Journal of Feline Medicine and Surgery

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Practical relevance: Traumatic injury of the urinary tract may be caused by external accidental trauma or due to iatrogenic injury (typically as a result of catheterisation procedures). Thorough patient assessment and careful attention to patient stabilisation are essential, with diagnosis and surgical repair delayed until the patient is stable, if necessary. Treatment depends on the location and severity of the trauma. If diagnosed and treated promptly, the chance of survival of a patient without other concurrent injuries is good. Clinical challenges: Following accidental trauma, at the initial presentation urinary tract injury can be overshadowed by other injuries, but if left undiagnosed or untreated it can lead to serious morbidity and potentially mortality. Many of the surgical techniques described for management of urinary tract trauma can be associated with complications, and so comprehensive communication with the owners is necessary. Patient group: The main population affected by urinary tract trauma is young, adult male cats, owing to their roaming behaviour, as well as their anatomy and the resulting increased risk of urethral obstruction and its associated management. Aims: This article aims to serve as a guide to all veterinarians who treat cats for the diagnosis and management of urinary tract trauma in cats. Evidence base: This review summarises the current knowledge available from a number of original articles and textbook chapters in the literature that cover all aspects of feline urinary tract trauma, and is supported by the authors’ own clinical experience.

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Section: Uroperitoneummentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Urinary Tract Trauma Conditionsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Urinary Tract Trauma in Cats: Stabilisation, Diagnosis and Management

Robakiewicz¹,

Halfacree²

2023

Journal of Feline Medicine and Surgery

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Single‐step, non‐surgical placement of permanent low‐profile cystostomy tubes in dogs: 10 cases (2018‐2023)

Lea,

Kelly

2024

J of Small Animal Practice

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ObjectivesLow‐profile cystostomy tubes provide an alternative to conventional cystostomy tubes with external tubing. Previously, these have been placed surgically involving coeliotomy, cystotomy and cystopexy, or have been used as replacement tubes in existing stoma sites. The purpose of this study is to describe a technique for, and the outcomes of, single‐step, non‐surgical low‐profile cystostomy tube placement.Materials and MethodsAll cases that had single‐step, non‐surgical placement of low‐profile cystotomy tube attempted at the authors' institutions were included in this study. Data, including success rates, outcomes and complications, were extracted from the medical records.ResultsTen client‐owned dogs were inclided. Single‐step, non‐surgical placement was successful in eight out of 10 dogs, with placement being unsuccessful in two thus necessitating coeliotomy. The median duration that low‐profile cystostomy tubes were in place was 7.0 months (range 4 days to 38 months). Seven of the eight dogs required replacement of their cystostomy tube. Mean time until first tube replacement was 103 days (range 13 to 363 days).Clinical SignificanceSingle‐step, non‐surgical placement of a low‐profile cystostomy tube is a viable alternative to surgical placement. Lack of cystopexy does not appear to result in complications. Conversion to coeliotomy might be required if tube placement is not successful with this technique. Complications seen with non‐surgical tube placement such as inadvertent tube removal were similar to those previously reported for surgically placed tubes.

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Case report: Utility, complications, and short-term outcomes in three dogs managed with percutaneous pigtail cystostomy catheters for urethral obstruction

Fick

Mays

2023

Front. Vet. Sci.

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ObjectiveThis study aimed to describe the utility, complications, and short-term outcomes of three dogs managed with percutaneous pigtail cystostomy catheters placed in the emergency room (ER).Case summaryThree dogs were presented separately to the ER for unalleviated mechanical urethral obstruction secondary to urolithiasis and urethral neoplasia. Retrograde urinary catheterization and urohydropulsion were not successful after multiple attempts. Percutaneous pigtail cystostomy catheters were placed under sedation to achieve temporary urinary diversion, and were successful in two of the three dogs. Complications encountered include mild abdominal effusion, unsuccessful placement resulting in hemorrhagic abdominal effusion, steatitis, abdominal pain, and kinking of the catheter. The two dogs diagnosed with urolithiasis were discharged from the hospital, and the dog diagnosed with urethral neoplasia was humanely euthanized due to poor prognosis.New or unique information providedWhen successful, the placement of pigtail cystostomy catheters allowed for temporary urinary diversion until definitive treatment could be performed and were well tolerated. Short-term outcomes were good. Complications arising from this procedure were common and increased morbidity. The risk of unsuccessful catheter placement may be increased when the procedure is performed in an over conditioned patient or by an inexperienced operator. Careful case selection and risk–benefit analysis should be considered before attempting this procedure. Further studies are necessary to evaluate the ideal technique, incidence of complications, and outcomes of this procedure.

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Clinical use and complications of percutaneous cystostomy pigtail catheters in 25 cats

Cited by 3 publications

References 16 publications

Urinary Tract Trauma in Cats: Stabilisation, Diagnosis and Management

Urinary Tract Trauma in Cats: Stabilisation, Diagnosis and Management

Single‐step, non‐surgical placement of permanent low‐profile cystostomy tubes in dogs: 10 cases (2018‐2023)

Case report: Utility, complications, and short-term outcomes in three dogs managed with percutaneous pigtail cystostomy catheters for urethral obstruction

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