Clinical trials is an actively developing field of medicine, and Moscow where the key bases for the development, conduct, and registration of the results of trials are located can rightfully be called its center. Residents of the capital constitute the main cohort of the population recruited as volunteers for clinical trials conducted in this region. However, existing fears and myths surrounding the field of clinical trials act as a barrier to attracting new participants. The article presents the results of a medical and sociological study (questionnaire survey) of Moscow residents on their perception of the field of clinical trials, as well as factors of attractiveness and existing fears (anxieties) regarding participation in them. The image of clinical trials in the eyes of Muscovites plays an important role in conducting research, attracting the required number of participants, and forming a trusting attitude of the population towards this field of medicine.