Clinical trial showing superiority of a coconut and anise spray over permethrin 0.43% lotion for head louse infestation, ISRCTN96469780

Burgess, Ian F.; Brunton, Elizabeth R.; Burgess, Nazma A

doi:10.1007/s00431-009-0978-0

Cited by 36 publications

(30 citation statements)

References 10 publications

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“…Heukelbach et al (2006b) and Abdel-Ghaffar and Semmler (2007) reported that the product containing a neem seed extract was highly effective in in vivo and in vitro tests against head lice. Recently, Burgess et al (2010) showed in a clinical trial the superiority of a spray containing coconut, and anise oils over a permethrin lotion against head lice. Carpinella et al (2007) reported the pediculicidal activity of extract and oil from Melia azedarach fruits showed high levels of mortality on adult lice, with values ranging between 62.9% and 96.5% at 20% ripe fruit extract with 10% ripe fruit oil.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Synthesis of pediculocidal and larvicidal silver nanoparticles by leaf extract from heartleaf moonseed plant, Tinospora cordifolia Miers

Jayaseelan¹,

Rahuman²,

Rajakumar³

et al. 2011

Parasitol Res

210

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Insecticide resistance and inadequate attention to the application instructions of topical pediculicides are common reasons for treatment failure. Essential oils or plant extracts are good and safe alternatives due to their low toxicity to mammals and easy biodegradability. The present study was carried out to establish the pediculocidal and larvicidal activity of synthesized silver nanoparticles (AgNPs) using leaf aqueous extract of Tinospora cordifolia Miers (Menispermaceae) against the head louse Pediculus humanus capitis De Geer (Phthiraptera: Pediculidae) and fourth instar larvae of malaria vector, Anopheles subpictus Grassi and filariasis vector, Culex quinquefasciatus Say (Diptera: Culicidae). We reported the aqueous plant extract and synthesized AgNPs against head lice and vectors. Direct contact method was conducted to determine the potential of pediculocidal activity. The synthesized AgNPs characterized by UV-vis spectrum, scanning electron microscopy, Fourier transform infrared, and X-ray diffraction. Head lice and mosquito larvae were exposed to varying concentrations of aqueous extracts and synthesized AgNPs for 24 h. The results suggest that the optimal times for measuring mortality effects of synthesized AgNPs were 33% at 5 min, 67% at 15 min, and 100% after 1 h. The maximum activity was observed in the synthesized AgNPs against lice, A. subpictus and C. quinquefasciatus (LC(50) = 12.46, 6.43 and 6.96 mg/L; r (2) = 0.978, 0.773 and 0.828), respectively. The findings revealed that synthesized AgNPs possess excellent anti-lice and mosquito larvicidal activity. These results suggest that the green synthesis of AgNPs have the potential to be used as an ideal ecofriendly approach for the control of head lice and vectors.

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Synthesis of pediculocidal and larvicidal silver nanoparticles by leaf extract from heartleaf moonseed plant, Tinospora cordifolia Miers

Jayaseelan¹,

Rahuman²,

Rajakumar³

et al. 2011

Parasitol Res

210

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“…The management of head lice infestation has a major disadvantage compared to the control of other insect pests, as the human hosts want the head lice to be completely eliminated [13]. However, the search to achieve total elimination and the use of inappropriate chemical controls have allowed head lice to develop resistance [14] to a significant number of pesticides such as lindane, DDT, carbaryl, malathion, and pyrethroids [11,15,16]. Consequently, the use of naturally occurring insecticidal compounds could be an attractive alternative to control head lice, including those which are resistant to pesticides [14].…”

Section: Licementioning

confidence: 99%

“…However, the search to achieve total elimination and the use of inappropriate chemical controls have allowed head lice to develop resistance [14] to a significant number of pesticides such as lindane, DDT, carbaryl, malathion, and pyrethroids [11,15,16]. Consequently, the use of naturally occurring insecticidal compounds could be an attractive alternative to control head lice, including those which are resistant to pesticides [14]. Many scientific studies have proposed the use of various natural compounds, with essential oils having been shown to have different activities such as repellent, ovicidal, and adulticide properties in a variety of insect species, including head lice [3,11,13,[15][16][17][18][19][20][21][22][23][24][25][26][27].…”

Section: Licementioning

confidence: 99%

Terpenes: Natural Products for Controlling Insects of Importance to Human Health—A Structure-Activity Relationship Study

Dambolena

Zunino

Herrera

et al. 2016

Psyche: A Journal of Entomology

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Many insects affect food production and human health, and in an attempt to control these insects the use of synthetic insecticides has become widespread. However, this has resulted in the development of resistance in these organisms, human diseases, contamination of food, and pollution of the environment. Plants natural products and essential oil components such as terpenes and phenylpropenes have been shown to have a significant potential for insect control. However, the molecular properties related to their insecticidal activity are not well understood. The purpose of this review is to provide an overview of the toxicity of terpene compounds against three insects of importance to human health: lice, cockroaches, and Triatominae bugs and to evaluate which molecular descriptors are important in the bioactivity of terpenes. For the insects studied, quantitative structure-activity relationship (QSAR) studies were performed in order to predict the insecticidal activity of terpene compounds. The obtained QSAR models indicated that the activity of these compounds depends on their ability to reach the targets and to interact with them. The QSAR analysis can be used to predict the bioactivities of other structurally related molecules. Our findings may provide an important contribution in the search for new compounds with insecticidal activity.

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“…Apart from essential oils (Grieve et al 2007;Burgess et al 2010;Barker and Altman 2010), few plant products have undergone clinical trials. The most widely used is oil from the neem tree, Azadirachta indica A. Juss (Meliaceae), which contains a number of putatively pharmacologically active triterpenoids.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Neem-silicone lotion and ultrasound nit comb: a randomised, controlled clinical trial treating head louse infestation

Burgess¹,

Brunton²,

Burgess³

et al. 2017

biomed dermatol

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Background: A neem-based conditioner lotion (ONC) used against head lice was previously tested clinically and shown to be relatively ineffective. To improve the activity against lice and their eggs, it was reformulated into a silicone vehicle (NNC) as part of a project to improve pediculicidal medical devices. An ultrasound nit comb was also developed to be used in conjunction with the neem lotion to remove louse eggs from the hair.Methods: A single-centre, parallel group, randomised, controlled, open-label community-based clinical study was set up to test the NNC lotion in comparison with a marketed product based on isopropyl myristate and cyclomethicone (IPM/C) with two treatments 7 days apart. In parallel, the lubrication effects of the NNC and ONC lotions were compared in use with the ultrasound comb. Results: For 134 randomised participants (50 NNC, 53 IPM/C, 17 NNC plus comb, and 14 ONC plus comb), the cure rate was 72.0% for NNC and 69.8% for IPM/C (OR 1.112, 95% CI, 0.47 to 2.61). Additional combing gave 82.4% cure using NNC and 28.6% using ONC (OR 11.67; 95% CI 2.13 to 64.04). No difference in efficacy of nit removal was detected although combing with conditioner was physically easier. Conclusions:One percent neem oil in silicone (NNC) is as effective to eliminate head lice as other silicone products. Nit combing is easier using a conditioner lubricant to facilitate sliding of the eggshells along hairs. Trial registration: Current Controlled Trials Registry ISRCTN77673809

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Clinical trial showing superiority of a coconut and anise spray over permethrin 0.43% lotion for head louse infestation, ISRCTN96469780

Cited by 36 publications

References 10 publications

Synthesis of pediculocidal and larvicidal silver nanoparticles by leaf extract from heartleaf moonseed plant, Tinospora cordifolia Miers

Synthesis of pediculocidal and larvicidal silver nanoparticles by leaf extract from heartleaf moonseed plant, Tinospora cordifolia Miers

Terpenes: Natural Products for Controlling Insects of Importance to Human Health—A Structure-Activity Relationship Study

Neem-silicone lotion and ultrasound nit comb: a randomised, controlled clinical trial treating head louse infestation

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