Clinical studies of protein-bound calcium in various diseases.

Duncan, P H; Wills, M. R.; Smith, Bill J.; Savory, John

doi:10.1093/clinchem/28.4.672

Cited by 15 publications

(3 citation statements)

References 13 publications

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“…Serum total Ca normalized per 7 g of serum protein was used to reduce the confounding of albumin and globulins on definition of low serum Ca. 25 The threshold for definition of low normalized serum Ca was identical in men and women (lowest 10% of the gender-specific distribution: o8.6 mg/100 ml). Anemia was defined as blood hemoglobin o12 g/100 ml in men and post-menopausal women, as blood hemoglobin o11 g/100 ml in women with menses.…”

Section: Other Definitionsmentioning

confidence: 96%

Low glomerular filtration in the population: Prevalence, associated disorders, and awareness

Cirillo

Laurenzi

Mancini

et al. 2006

Kidney International

128

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Estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR) was used for analysis of kidney disease prevalence in the United States. The study investigated on prevalence, associated disorders, and kidney disease awareness in an Italian population sample. Data were collected on serum creatinine, other laboratory indices, blood pressure, and medical history in the Gubbio Population Study (n=4574, both sexes, ages 18-95 years). Analyses were carried out on eGFR (equation of Modification Diet in Renal Disease study), disorders potentially secondary to kidney dysfunction (hypertension, high serum uric acid, high serum phosphorus/low serum calcium, high serum potassium, cardiovascular disease, anemia), and kidney disease awareness. The prevalence of eGFR <60 ml/min x 1.73 m(2) increased with age in both sexes (from <1% for ages 18-24 years to >30% for ages > or =75 years, P<0.001). In the group with eGFR <60 ml/min x 1.73 m(2), number of disorders secondary to kidney dysfunction was > or =2 in the majority of persons, was higher than in persons with eGFR > or =60 ml/min x 1.73 m(2) (P<0.001), and was inversely related to eGFR (P<0.001). The prevalence of reported kidney disease was 3.3% in the group with eGFR <60 ml/min x 1.73 m(2) and directly related to serum creatinine and number of disorders secondary to kidney dysfunction (P<0.001). Low kidney function is frequent in the older population and is associated with disorders typical of kidney disease. Persons with low kidney function are rarely aware of kidney disease unless of very high serum creatinine or presence of many disorders typical of kidney disease.

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Section: Other Definitionsmentioning

confidence: 96%

Low glomerular filtration in the population: Prevalence, associated disorders, and awareness

Cirillo

Laurenzi

Mancini

et al. 2006

Kidney International

128

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“…A small portion of calcium is bound to other small anions such as citrate, lactate, and phosphate. Because ionized calcium is the physiologically active species of blood calcium, it is ordinarily maintained within very narrow limits by rigidly controlled mechanisms 10,13,14 . Approximately half of normal total serum calcium is bound to negatively charged sites on albumin.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Presumptive increase in protein‐bound serum calcium in a dog with multiple myeloma

Tripp

Bryan

Wills

2009

Veterinary Clinical Pathol

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An 11-year-old male castrated Australian Shepherd was presented with a history of lethargy, panting, and weight loss for 1 month. Physical examination revealed a moderately enlarged spleen. Laboratory abnormalities included thrombocytopenia and marked hypercalcemia, with hyperglobulinemia, hypoalbuminemia, and a monoclonal spike in the beta-globulin region on serum protein electrophoresis. Serum total calcium concentration was markedly increased (16.5 mg/dL, reference interval 8.9-11.4 mg/dL) but ionized calcium concentration (1.39 mmol/L) was within the reference interval (1.25-1.45 mmol/L). Isosthenuria was noted, but the dog was not polyuric or polydipsic. Serum parathyroid hormone concentration was within reference limits and parathyroid hormone-related peptide concentration was 0 pmol/L. Radiographic findings were largely unremarkable. Results of cytologic evaluation of a fine-needle aspirate specimen from the spleen indicated plasma cell neoplasia. Based on the results of the electrophoresis, splenic aspirates, radiographs, and hypercalcemia, a diagnosis of splenic multiple myeloma was made. The marked hypercalcemia, normal ionized calcium and parathyroid hormone concentrations, and lack of osteolytic lesions indicated a presumptive increase in protein-bound serum calcium, likely due to binding to molecules of the paraprotein (M protein). Protein binding of calcium in dogs with multiple myeloma should be considered as a potential mechanism of elevated total serum calcium concentration.

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“…A small portion of calcium is bound to other small anions such as citrate, lactate, and phosphate. Because ionized calcium is the physiologically active species of blood calcium, it is ordinarily maintained within very narrow limits by rigidly controlled mechanisms [205][206]. Approximately half of normal total serum calcium is bound to negatively charged sites on albumin.…”

Section: Serum Total and Ionized Calcium Concentrationsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Multiple Myeloma in Horses, Dogs and Cats: A Comparative Review Focused on Clinical Signs and Pathogenesis

Muñoz¹,

Riber²,

Satué³

et al. 2013

Multiple Myeloma - A Quick Reflection on the Fast Progress

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Additional information is available at the end of the chapter http://dx.doi.org/10.5772/54311 . IntroductionMultiplκ myκloma MM or plasma cκll myκloma is a nκoplastic proliλκration oλ plasma cκlls that primarily involvκs thκ bonκ marrow but may originatκ λrom κxtramκdullary sitκs [ -]. Although it is uncommon in vκtκrinary mκdicinκ, it has bκκn rκportκd in sκvκral spκciκs, including cats, dogs and, horsκs [ , , -]. Thκ λrκquκncy oλ MM in cats is slightly < % oλ all malignant nκoplasms. Caninκ MMs account λor only . % oλ all malignanciκs in dogs. MMs account approximatκly % oλ all hκmatopoiκtic nκoplasms in both dogs and cats [ ]. Most oλ thκ rκports in thκ litκraturκ arκ limitκd to to casκ studiκs [ , -]. Howκvκr, in a rκcκnt rκport rκgarding thκ incidκncκ oλ bonκ disordκrs diagnosκd in dogs, MM was thκ sκcond most λrκquκntly diagnosκd nκoplastic condition in caninκ bonκ marrow [ ].Similarly, MM is an κxtrκmκly rarκ disordκr in horsκs. Tκn casκs, ninκ λrom thκ litκraturκ and a nκw casκ, wκrκ dκscribκd by Edwards κt al. [ ] and only six additional casκs havκ bκκn dκscribκd lastly [ , -, ]. Bκcausκ oλ thκ uncommonly diagnosis oλ κquinκ MM, thκ prκvalκncκ oλ this nκoplasm is unknown in thκ horsκ. . Data of the patients with multiple myelomaMM is gκnκrally a disκasκ oλ oldκr animals, although somκ rκports κxist in young animals. In dogs, thκ avκragκ agκ oλ diagnosis is bκtwκκn and yκar-old [ -, , -].Thκrκ is a rκport oλ MM in a youngκr dog, -yκar-old [ ]. Thκrκ is no apparκnt gκndκr prκdisposition

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Clinical studies of protein-bound calcium in various diseases.

Cited by 15 publications

References 13 publications

Low glomerular filtration in the population: Prevalence, associated disorders, and awareness

Low glomerular filtration in the population: Prevalence, associated disorders, and awareness

Presumptive increase in protein‐bound serum calcium in a dog with multiple myeloma

Multiple Myeloma in Horses, Dogs and Cats: A Comparative Review Focused on Clinical Signs and Pathogenesis

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