Clinical Spectrum of Pulmonary Aspergillosis

Aspergillus species are ubiquitous fungi and have been implicated as the causative agents of a variety of lung disorders in humans. These disorders include allergic, saprophytic, and systemic manifestations. The allergic disorders mainly affect atopic persons, and invasive or systemic diseases affect immunosuppressed individuals. Immunodiagnosis can help the practitioner diagnose these diseases. Demonstration of circulating antibodies is a useful criterion, but the lack of dependable and standardized antigens is a limiting factor in the diagnosis of most Aspergillus-induced diseases. Despite this limitation, however, immunodiffusion and enzyme-linked immunosorbent assays have been widely used for the detection of antibodies in the sera of patients with aspergillosis. Similarly, crude and semipurified antigens are being used to demonstrate skin hypersensitivity in patients, and several methods have been useful in the detection of antigenemia in patients with invasive aspergillosis. With a growing number of reports on the incidence of aspergillosis and an increase in the number of immunosuppressed individuals in the population, more rapid methods and more reliable reagents for immunodiagnosis are needed. With recent attempts at obtaining reliable reagents for through hybridoma technology and molecular biological techniques, substantial progress toward efficient immunodiagnosis may be achieved.

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“…Generally, the upper lobes are involved (184). The upperlobe infiltrates shift from one place to another as the disease progresses.…”

Section: Characteristic Features Of Aspergillus-induced Diseasesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Immunodiagnosis of aspergillosis

1991

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“…They produce a wide spectrum of pulmonary diseases in humans. These illnesses extend from hypersensitiv ity reactions to the fungus (extrinsic allergic alveolitis and allergic bronchopulmonary aspergillosis), to in vasion and destruction of lungs (aspergillar tracheo bronchitis, acute invasive pulmonary aspergillosis and chronic necrotizing pulmonary aspergillosis), to saprophytic colonization of diseased airways (sapro phytic bronchopulmonary aspergillosis) and preexist ing pulmonary cavities (aspergilloma) [1].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The characteristic roentgenographic appearance consists of a mobile, oval or spherical opacity occupying some or most of a cavity, surrounded by a crescent of air along with thickening of pleura overlying the cavity [1], Bronchoscopy or other invasive procedures are generally not required to make a diagnosis. It is performed only in patients with atypical clinical or laboratory features or when there is a history of he moptysis.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Endoscopic Visualization of Aspergilloma

Rohatgi

Chasse²

1991

Respiration

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“…Aspergillus can cause a wide variety of tracheobronchial and pulmonary disorders, depending upon the patient's local and systemic immune status and alterations in host tissues [1,2]. In view of the expanding spectrum of different clinical presentations of Aspergillus infection during the last decade, classification of tracheobronchial and pulmonary aspergillosis syndromes has become increasingly complicated [3].…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

“…In view of the expanding spectrum of different clinical presentations of Aspergillus infection during the last decade, classification of tracheobronchial and pulmonary aspergillosis syndromes has become increasingly complicated [3]. Two or more entities may coexist, or there may be progression from one to another [1].…”

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Three cases of bronchial stump aspergillosis: unusual clinical presentations and beneficial effect of oral itraconazole

Noppen¹,

Claes²,

Maillet³

et al. 1995

Eur Respir J

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We present three more patients, in whom BSA occurred very late (4.5, 6 and 7 yrs) after pulmonary resection. Other unusual features were: complete absence of symptoms in one patient, and simultaneous occurrence of aspergilloma in another. Removal of the endobronchial suture probably constitutes the key therapy for BSA. In all three of our patients oral itraconazole resulted in clinical, histological and microbiological improvement.In conclusion, BSA should be considered in the differential diagnosis of haemoptysis occurring up to 7 yrs after lung surgery, although an asymptomatic presentation is possible. Furthermore, BSA can be associated with other clinical presentations of Aspergillus infection, e.g. aspergilloma. Finally, long-term oral itraconazole therapy may represent a valid alternative when removal of the suture is not feasible.

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Clinical Spectrum of Pulmonary Aspergillosis

Cited by 35 publications

References 0 publications

Immunodiagnosis of aspergillosis

Immunodiagnosis of aspergillosis

Endoscopic Visualization of Aspergilloma

Three cases of bronchial stump aspergillosis: unusual clinical presentations and beneficial effect of oral itraconazole

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