Clinical spectrum of lamellar macular defects including pseudoholes and pseudocysts defined by optical coherence tomography

Abstract

Objective:To present the clinical spectrum of lamellar macular defects and describe the different subtypes based on their optical coherence tomography (OCT) configuration and visual prognosis.Methods:The retrospective observational case series reviewed OCT scans of 92 eyes with lamellar macular defects. Lamellar macular defects were categorised into subtypes of macular pseudohole (MPH), lamellar macular hole (LMH) and foveal pseudocyst (FP) according to their OCT morphology. The defects were quantitatively characterised in terms of base diameter, depth and central foveal thickness, and examined for the presence of associated epiretinal membranes (ERM).Results:Visual acuity (VA) was significantly correlated with the central foveal thickness and depth of the lamellar defect. MPH was associated with better VA compared with LMH and FP. MPH was of a smaller base diameter and had a greater central foveal thickness than that of LMH and FP. Fifty-per cent of all lamellar defects had an associated ERM.Conclusions:Different profiles of lamellar macular defects were characterised and quantified by OCT. Deeper and wider lamellar defects were associated with poorer visual outcome. Such objective parameters lamellar macular defects are of value when explaining to patients regarding their decreased acuity. Future prospective investigations are required to study the natural history of lamellar defects of different aetiology and surgical indications.

Evolution from macular pseudohole to lamellar macular hole — spectral domain OCT study

“…In TD-OCT, they were described as having a steep fovea contour and a normal or slightly elevated central and paracentral retinal thickness [4]. However, some authors hypothesized that both entities may be different manifestations of the same disease [6]. The aim of this study is to present two patients with evolution from pseudo-to lamellar macular hole.…”

Long-Term Surgical Outcomes After Vitrectomy for Symptomatic Lamellar Macular Holes

“…1 This condition was first described by Gass 2 in 1975 as a macular lesion resulting from rupture of the inner cyst wall in cystoid macular edema. Allen and Gass 3 thought that lamellar hole formation occurred via interruption of the typical macular hole formation process, and Takahashi and Kishi 4 reported a case of LMH that progressed to a full-thickness macular hole, using optical coherence tomography (OCT).…”

Lamellar macular hole formation in chronic cystoid macular edema associated with retinal vein occlusion

“…Despite the original description of LMH by Gass [17], the process of LMH formation was not completely understood until recent reports of studies that used OCT [21][22][23][24][25][26]. Using the precise observations by OCT, LMH can be classified into three distinct categories:…”