Clinical signs in sheep experimentally infected with scrapie and BSE

Houston, E. Fiona; Gravenor, Michael B.

doi:10.1136/vr.152.11.333

Cited by 33 publications

(25 citation statements)

References 5 publications

(6 reference statements)

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“…Furthermore, the greatest limitations are likely to be related to the need to analyze clinically affected sheep with scrapie. Yet it can be difficult to clearly identify signs of TSE; the duration of the disease that may extend to some months 17 is not known precisely, and we do not know the evolution and degree of PrP d accumulation in the brain during the clinical phase. 29 Thus, our work should be complemented by analyzing more TSE-affected sheep, but it seems that this approach likely offers another complementary approach for strain identification.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…This finding may reflect scrapie strain differences or most likely, only variations in the degree of PrP d accumulation. Indeed, in natural scrapie cases it is impossible to assess the incubation times and duration of clinical disease that may extend for some months, 17 both of which likely have an impact on its phenotypic presentation. 29 In contrast, in the 2 iv-infected sheep in our study, the PrP d brain pattern was highly consistent between the 2 animals, which might be owing to better control of the progression of the disease over time.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Comparison of Brain PrP^d Distribution in Ovine BSE and Scrapie

et al. 2011

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Scrapie and bovine spongiform encephalopathy (BSE) are both prion diseases affecting ruminants, and these diseases do not share the same public health concerns. Surveillance of the BSE agent in small ruminants has been a great challenge, and the recent identification of diverse prion diseases in ruminants has led to the development of new methods for strain typing. In our study, using immunohistochemistry (IHC), we assessed the distribution of PrP d in the brains of 2 experimentally BSE-infected sheep with the ARQ/ARQ genotype. Distribution of PrP d in the brain, from the spinal cord to the frontal cortex, was remarkably similar in the 2 sheep despite different inoculation routes and incubation periods. Comparatively, overall PrP d brain distribution, evaluated by IHC, in 19 scrapie cases with the ARQ/ARQ, ARQ/VRQ, and VRQ/VRQ genotypes, in some cases showed similarities to the experimentally BSE-infected sheep. There was no exclusive neuroanatomical site with a characteristic and specific PrP d type of accumulation induced by the BSE agent. However, a detailed analysis of the topography, types, and intensity of PrP d deposits in the frontal cortex, striatum, piriform cortex, hippocampus, mesencephalon, and cerebellum allowed the BSE-affected sheep group to be distinguished from the 19 scrapie cases analyzed in our study. These results strengthen and emphasize the potential interest of PrP d brain mapping to help in identifying prion strains in small ruminants.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Comparison of Brain PrP^d Distribution in Ovine BSE and Scrapie

et al. 2011

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“…In one report, BSE-infected sheep demonstrate a uniform clinical disease characterized by early pruritus with late locomotion deficits [41]. Whereas, other studies suggest that sudden-onset ataxia is common in BSE-infected sheep [52].…”

Section: Bovine Spongiform Encephalopathy (Bse)mentioning

confidence: 99%

Neurobehavioral Testing in Prion Disease Studies

Seelig¹,

Benneyworth²,

Bryant³

2017

Prion - An Overview

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The prion diseases are neurodegenerative diseases characterized by progressive neurocognitive decline and terminal dementia. In this review, we will discuss the role of neurobehavioral testing in mammalian prion disease model systems, including (1) a review of the clinical phenotype of the major prion diseases in natural disease, (2) an evidence-based summary of the benefits and shortcomings of commonly used behavioral assays, and (3) a review of the neurobehavioral testing in rodent prion models. Based upon this review, and in light of the established importance of model systems in studies of prion pathogenesis and the proven role of behavioral testing in nonprion disease neurodegenerative diseases, it is vital that prion researchers consider the clinical consequences of prion infection so as to maximize the impact of their work.

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“…In these studies, the clinical and histopathologic features were essentially indistinguishable from those in classical scrapie. 75,76,97,113 However, discrimination is possible by specific WB, 163,168 ELISA, 159 and IHC 83,106,107,169 procedures (Table 2) and by biological strain typing. 31,33 The scenario of BSE entering the sheep or goat population was the driving force for monitoring for TSEs in small ruminants.…”

Section: Classical Bse In Small Ruminantsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Atypical Transmissible Spongiform Encephalopathies in Ruminants: A Challenge for Disease Surveillance and Control

2010

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Abstract. Since 1987, when bovine spongiform encephalopathy (BSE) emerged as a novel disease in cattle, enormous efforts were undertaken to monitor and control the disease in ruminants worldwide. The driving force was its high economic impact, which resulted from trade restrictions and the loss of consumer confidence in beef products, the latter because BSE turned out to be a fatal zoonosis, causing variant Creutzfeldt-Jakob disease in human beings. The ban on meat and bone meal in livestock feed and the removal of specified risk materials from the food chain were the main measures to successfully prevent infection in cattle and to protect human beings from BSE exposure. However, although BSE is now under control, previously unknown, socalled atypical transmissible spongiform encephalopathies (TSEs) in cattle and small ruminants have been identified by enhanced disease surveillance. This report briefly reviews and summarizes the current level of knowledge on the spectrum of TSEs in cattle and small ruminants and addresses the question of the extent to which such atypical TSEs have an effect on disease surveillance and control strategies.

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Clinical signs in sheep experimentally infected with scrapie and BSE

Cited by 33 publications

References 5 publications

Comparison of Brain PrP^d Distribution in Ovine BSE and Scrapie

Comparison of Brain PrP^d Distribution in Ovine BSE and Scrapie

Neurobehavioral Testing in Prion Disease Studies

Atypical Transmissible Spongiform Encephalopathies in Ruminants: A Challenge for Disease Surveillance and Control

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Clinical signs in sheep experimentally infected with scrapie and BSE

Cited by 33 publications

References 5 publications

Comparison of Brain PrPd Distribution in Ovine BSE and Scrapie

Comparison of Brain PrPd Distribution in Ovine BSE and Scrapie

Neurobehavioral Testing in Prion Disease Studies

Atypical Transmissible Spongiform Encephalopathies in Ruminants: A Challenge for Disease Surveillance and Control

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Product

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Comparison of Brain PrP^d Distribution in Ovine BSE and Scrapie

Comparison of Brain PrP^d Distribution in Ovine BSE and Scrapie