Clinical Significance of the Histone Deacetylase 2 (HDAC-2) Expression in Human Breast Cancer

Abstract

Background/Aim: There is a strong association between malignancy and histone deacetylases (HDACs). Histone deacetylase inhibitors (HDACIs) are now being tested as antitumor agents in various clinical trials. We aimed to assess the clinical importance of HDAC-2 in breast cancer (BC). Materials and Methods: A total of 118 BC specimens were examined immunohistochemically. A statistical analysis was conducted in order to examine the relation between HDAC-2 and the clinicopathological features and survival of the patients. Results: Higher HDAC-2 expression was related to lobular histological type of cancer, grade III, and stage III BC. In addition, the disease-free period and overall survival were curtailed and negatively related to the over-expression of HDAC-2. Other factors correlating with worse survival were histological types other than ductal or lobular, and the stage of the disease. Conclusions: This study showed a relationship between HDAC-2 and BC. Further studies are required in order to eventually potentiate the role of HDACIs as anticancer agents in BC.

Evaluation of the Histone Deacetylase 2 (HDAC-2) Expression in Human Breast Cancer

“…HDAC-2 has been stated to play an important role in various breast cancer subtypes [ 14 , 22 , 23 , 24 , 25 , 26 ]. In this present study, we investigated the clinical importance of the expression of HDAC-2 in triple negative breast cancer.…”

“…The lysine residues’ positive charge is neutralized by post-translational acetylation of their NH2-terminal tails, which reduces the histones’ affinity for the negatively charged DNA. As a result, transcription and DNA strand uncoiling are possible [ 13 , 14 ]. Histone acetylases (HATs) and histone deacetylases (HDACs) work against each other to modulate histone acetylation [ 15 ].…”

“…Bearing in mind that these HDACs can affect human DNA, the scientific interest was shifted towards the study of their inhibitors. As a matter of fact, several HDAC inhibitors (HDACIs) have received approval by the U.S. Food and Drug Administration (FDA) and are being used against hematological malignancies [ 14 ]. Additionally, numerous HDACIs seem to play promising therapeutic role against a variety of malignancies including non-small cell lung, hepatocellular colorectal, endometrial, pancreatic, thyroid, breast, cervical cancer, and melanomas [ 10 , 14 , 20 ].…”

Emerging Role of Epigenetic Modifiers in Breast Cancer Pathogenesis and Therapeutic Response

“…HDAC1 and HDAC2 expression are significantly correlated with HER2 expression [101,102], and HDAC2 expression is associated with the presence of nodal metastasis [101]. Despite detectable HDAC overexpression in some breast cancer subtypes, the ability of HDAC overexpression to predict overall survival (OS) or DFS is less clear; conflicting results were published indicating the potential prognostic value of HDAC6 [102,103] and HDAC2 [101,102,104] expression. These discrepancies in the potential prognostic value of HDAC expression could, in part, be due to differences in race and ethnicity in participating patient populations, therapeutic regimens, post-operative treatment protocols, or tumor staging [102].…”

The Emerging Role of Histone Deacetylase Inhibitors in Cervical Cancer Therapy

“…Consecutively, the preinitiation complex that would facilitate genetic expression may not form [ 10 , 11 ]. Transcription only takes place after post-translational acetylations of the NH2-terminal tails of histones which alter histone affinity for the negatively charged DNA [ 12 , 13 , 14 , 15 , 16 ]. These post-translational acetylations are regulated by the rival effects of histone acetylases (HATs) and histone deacetylases (HDACs) [ 17 , 18 , 19 , 20 ] ( Figure 1 ).…”