Clinical Significance of Somatostatin Receptor (SSTR) 2 in Meningioma

Wu, Wei; Zhou, Yunxiang; Wang, Yali; Liu, Lihong; Lou, Jianyao; Deng, Yongchuan; Zhao, Peng; Shao, Anwen

doi:10.3389/fonc.2020.01633

Cited by 36 publications

(35 citation statements)

References 107 publications

(174 reference statements)

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“…With an increased incidence in females and ∼100% of meningiomas having somatostatin receptor 2 (SSTR2), ~88% progesterone receptors, ~40% estrogen receptors, and ~40% androgen receptors, it was thought that hormones played a slight role in tumor growth [ 17 , 34 , 35 , 36 , 37 ]. Although previous data assessing the relationship between meningioma risk and oral contraceptives (OCP), hormone replacement therapy (HRT), and reproductive factors have been inconsistent and inconclusive, two meta-analysis and multiple case-control and cohort studies have shown an increased risk associated with HRT [ 38 , 39 , 40 , 41 , 42 , 43 ].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Meningioma: A Review of Epidemiology, Pathology, Diagnosis, Treatment, and Future Directions

2021

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Meningiomas are the most common intracranial tumor, making up more than a third of all primary central nervous system (CNS) tumors. They are mostly benign tumors that can be observed or preferentially treated with gross total resection that provides good outcomes. Meningiomas with complicated histology or in compromising locations has proved to be a challenge in treating and predicting prognostic outcomes. Advances in genomics and molecular characteristics of meningiomas have uncovered potential use for more accurate grading and prediction of prognosis and recurrence. With the study and detection of genomic aberrancies, specific biologic targets are now being trialed for possible management of meningiomas that are not responsive to standard surgery and radiotherapy treatment. This review summarizes current epidemiology, etiology, molecular characteristics, diagnosis, treatments, and current treatment trials.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Meningioma: A Review of Epidemiology, Pathology, Diagnosis, Treatment, and Future Directions

2021

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“…The function of SST has been profoundly investigated in previous studies using its receptors (SSTR1-SSTR5) as mediators (25). Among all SST receptors, SSTR2 is the most abundant (19). Additionally, SSTR2 is expressed in human pancreatic tissue, but could be loss in pancreatic cancers and derived cell lines (37)(38)(39).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Somatostatin Receptor 2: A Potential Predictive Biomarker for Immune Checkpoint Inhibitor Treatment

Wang

Yuan²,

Chu³

et al. 2022

Pathol. Oncol. Res.

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Somatostatin receptor 2 (SSTR2), the most abundant receptor of somatostatin (SST), possesses immunoreactivity and is altered in many cancers. However, the association between SSTR2 and efficacy of immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs) has not yet been reported. Immunohistochemistry (IHC) information across 20 cancers was collected from the Human Protein Atlas (HPA) and used to analyze the expression of SSTR2. Immune signatures collected from public databases, such as BioCarta or Reactome, were used to investigate the association between SSTR2 and the tumor microenviroment in the Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA). Data from cohorts treated with ICIs were collected to assess whether SSTR2 is associated with benefits from ICIs treatment. In the HPA, we found the SSTR2 IHC-positive rate of 13 cancers to be above 50%. Five types of cancer express SSTR2 mildly (positive rate: 25%–50%), while the remaining two types of cancer barely stained SSTR2-positive (positive rate: 0%–24%). In TCGA analysis, immune cell signatures and immune function pathways were enriched in high SSTR2 expression groups in most cancers. In each ICIs treated cohort, patients with high SSTR2 expression experienced numerically superior objective response rate (Braun: 14.8% vs 13.4%, p = 0.85; Gide: 69.4% vs 40.5%, p = 0.025; Mariathasan: 22.4% vs 16.7%, p = 0.233; Miao: 37.5% vs 11.8%; Riaz: 32.0% vs 7.7%, p = 0.067) and overall survival (Braun: HR (95%CI): 0.80 [0.62–1.04], p = 0.80; Gide: HR (95%CI): 0.61 [0.29–1.30], p = 0.20; Mariathasan: HR (95%CI): 0.83 [0.64–1.08], p = 0.16; Miao: HR (95%CI): 0.24 [0.086–0.65], p = 0.0028; Nathanson cohort: HR (95%CI): 0 [0-inf], p = 0.18; Riaz: HR (95%CI): 0.24 [0.086–0.65], p = 0.028) than patients with low SSTR2 expression. In pooled cohort, we found these differences were significant (Pool: 24.6% vs 16.7%, p = 0.0077; HR (95% CI): 0.77 [0.65–0.91], p = 0.0018). Our results suggest that SSTR2 is a potential predictive biomarker for response to ICIs.

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“…In glioma, overexpression of PIK3R3 can support the growth of GBM cells by engaging IGF2 signaling in vitro, indicating that PIK3R3 is an oncogene in glioma [ 68 ]. Somatostatin receptor 2 (SSTR2) is the family of G protein-coupled receptors and is widely expressed in solid tumors [ 69 , 70 ]. SSTR2 is also expressed in inflammatory and lymphocytes cells, regulating the proliferative and secretory responses of these cells [ 69 ].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

An Immune-Related Prognostic Signature for Predicting Clinical Outcomes and Immune Landscape in IDH-Mutant Lower-Grade Gliomas

Xiao

Gao

et al. 2021

Journal of Oncology

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Background. IDH mutation is the most common in diffuse LGGs, correlated with a favorable prognosis. However, the IDH-mutant LGGs patients with poor prognoses need to be identified, and the potential mechanism leading to a worse outcome and treatment options needs to be investigated. Methods. A six-gene immune-related prognostic signature in IDH-mutant LGGs was constructed based on two public datasets and univariate, multivariate, and LASSO Cox regression analysis. Patients were divided into low- and high-risk groups based on the median risk score in the training and validation sets. We analyzed enriched pathways and immune cell infiltration, applying the GSEA and the immune evaluation algorithms. Results. Stratification and multivariate Cox analysis unveiled that the six-gene signature was an independent prognostic factor. The signature (0.806/0.795/0.822) showed a remarkable prognostic performance, with 1-, 3-, and 5-year time-dependent AUC, higher than for grade (0.612/0.638/0.649) and 1p19q codeletion status (0.606/0.658/0.676). High-risk patients had higher infiltrating immune cells. However, the specific immune escape was observed in the high-risk group after immune activation, owing to increasing immunosuppressive cells, inhibitory cytokines, and immune checkpoint molecules. Moreover, a novel nomogram model was developed to evaluate the survival in IDH-mutant LGGs patients. Conclusion. The six-gene signature could be a promising prognostic biomarker, which is promising to promote individual therapy and improve the clinical outcomes of IDH-mutant gliomas. The study also refined the current classification system of IDH-mutant gliomas, classifying patients into two subtypes with distinct immunophenotypes and overall survival.

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Clinical Significance of Somatostatin Receptor (SSTR) 2 in Meningioma

Cited by 36 publications

References 107 publications

Meningioma: A Review of Epidemiology, Pathology, Diagnosis, Treatment, and Future Directions

Meningioma: A Review of Epidemiology, Pathology, Diagnosis, Treatment, and Future Directions

Somatostatin Receptor 2: A Potential Predictive Biomarker for Immune Checkpoint Inhibitor Treatment

An Immune-Related Prognostic Signature for Predicting Clinical Outcomes and Immune Landscape in IDH-Mutant Lower-Grade Gliomas

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