Clinical significance of postoperative skeletal relapse in the treatment of mandibular prognathism: Receiver operating characteristic curve analysis

Orthognathic Surgery and Relapse: A Systematic Review

“…Although compromised aesthetics is often the patient’s main concern, these malocclusions cause functional problems (due to anterior and posterior cross bites), reduced masticatory performance, problems with breathing and speech, and mild to severe aesthetic impairments, as well as facial deformities, vertical and transversal deficiencies, and lip and nose deformities [ 23 , 24 , 25 ]. The face is frequently somewhat undeveloped in the inferior region, which typically results in a sunken aspect of the face that destroys facial harmony and has an adverse psychological impact on the patient [ 26 , 27 ]. Due to the appearance of the profile and dental malocclusion, psychological distress leads to shyness and low self-esteem, ultimately negatively affecting the subject’s work and social life [ 26 , 28 ].…”

“…The face is frequently somewhat undeveloped in the inferior region, which typically results in a sunken aspect of the face that destroys facial harmony and has an adverse psychological impact on the patient [ 26 , 27 ]. Due to the appearance of the profile and dental malocclusion, psychological distress leads to shyness and low self-esteem, ultimately negatively affecting the subject’s work and social life [ 26 , 28 ]. The protrusion of the chin and lower lip are indicative of mandibular prognathism, which is most frequently corrected through orthognathic surgery utilizing sagittal split ramus osteotomy (BSSRO) or vertical ramus osteotomy (intraoral: IVRO, extraoral: IVRO) [ 26 , 29 ].…”

“…Due to the appearance of the profile and dental malocclusion, psychological distress leads to shyness and low self-esteem, ultimately negatively affecting the subject’s work and social life [ 26 , 28 ]. The protrusion of the chin and lower lip are indicative of mandibular prognathism, which is most frequently corrected through orthognathic surgery utilizing sagittal split ramus osteotomy (BSSRO) or vertical ramus osteotomy (intraoral: IVRO, extraoral: IVRO) [ 26 , 29 ]. According to the most recent standards of facial aesthetics, one of the most crucial parts of the face is the chin [ 30 , 31 ].…”

“…According to the most recent standards of facial aesthetics, one of the most crucial parts of the face is the chin [ 30 , 31 ]. Patients undergo orthognathic surgery to improve masticatory function but mainly for facial aesthetics, to conform to current aesthetic preferences [ 26 , 32 ]. When the surgical treatment is planned, it is important to understand the amount of maxillary advancement required to provide stable, good-looking, and functional results throughout time [ 33 , 34 ].…”

“…Postoperative complications consist, for example, in nerve injury, infections, hemorrhage, and in skeletal relapse [ 50 , 51 ]. The most significant problem is postoperative skeletal relapse in patients undergoing orthognathic surgery [ 26 ], although the relapse rate has decreased with the post-treatment outcomes after the introduction of rigid internal fixation [ 52 , 53 ]. Relapse is a process that is ongoing and is caused by a variety of short- and long-term variables [ 54 ].…”