Clinical Significance of CD200 and CD56 Expression in Patients with Acute Myeloid Leukemia

Abstract

Background: Acute myeloid leukemia (AML) escape from immunosurveillance by immunosuppression. CD200 and CD56 expression represented an independent prognostic factor in many hematological malignancies but its importance in AML patients remains to be identified. Methods: CD200 and CD56 expression were assessed in the bone marrow blasts for Fifty-two (52) newly diagnosed AML by flowcytometry before start of therapy. Results: CD200 + expression was reported in 28.8% of patients while 17.3% of patients showed CD56 + expression. M4 FAB revealed high frequency of both CD200 + and CD56 + expression. The overall survival of CD200 + patients was 19.2% compared to 35.3% in CD200-(P= 0.049). On the other hand, CD56 + patients had the lowest complete remission rate (22.2% vs. 53.4%). In addition, CD56 + population had significant bad influence on overall survival than those of CD56population (11.1 % vs. 35.5 %, P= 0.047). Conclusions: CD200 and CD56 positive expression by myeloblasts at diagnosis denote poor prognostic indicator and correlated with poor cytogenetic findings. CD200 could be used as therapeutic target in AML.

Prognostic Value of CD200 Expression and Soluble CTLA-4 Concentrations in Intermediate and High-Risk Myelodysplastic Syndrome Patients

“…The over-expression of CD200 is linked with expansion of suppressive Treg cells and plays a vital role in the progression of multiple myeloma (Aref et al, 2017). So far, Several reports concluded that CD200 expression is also associated with the progression of various solid cancers, such as bladder cancer, lung cancer, breast cancer prostate carcinoma, cutaneous squamous cell carcinoma and acute myeloid leukemia (Kretz-Rommel et al, 2007;Lawlor et al, 2019;Aref et al 2020).…”

Immune checkpoints represent a promising breakthrough in targeted therapy and prognosis of myelodysplastic syndrome

“…Shelley Herbrich et al [ 50 ] found high levels of CD200 in some diseases with complex karyotype or a tendency of recurrence and reported a significantly decreased survival rate in this population. Another study also demonstrated that high expression levels of CD200 were associated with a poorer outcome, a shorter overall survival time and a higher risk of progression to AML in MDS patients [ 51 ]. Moreover, Chen et al [ 52 ] proved that the CD200-positive rate increased with increasing malignancy degree of MDS, i.e., CD200 expression was tightly associated with the subclassification and clinical staging of MDS.…”

CD200:CD200R Interactions and Their Importance in Immunoregulation

“…Expression of CD200 at AML, both in secondary and at the diagnosis decreases activity of CD8 + T cell cytotoxic potential and the frequency of TNFα-, IL-2- and IFN-γ-producing CD4 + /CD8 + memory T cells, which contributes to the increased risk of relapse and worse overall survival and is independent predictor of cytogenetics [ 88 , 89 , 90 ]. Moreover, AML CD200 positive patients rarely meet CR after induction therapy [ 91 ]. This event may be associated with a significantly increased level of Tregs, which negatively correlates with a response to induction chemotherapy [ 92 ].…”