Clinical significance of buccal branches of the facial nerve and their relationship with the emergence of Stensen's duct: An anatomical study on adult Taiwanese cadavers

Tsai, Chen Hsi; Ting, Chun Chan; Wu, Szu‐Yuan; Chiu, Jih Yu; Chen, Hansheng; Igawa, Kazuyo; Lan, Ting; Chen, Chun Ming; Takato, Tsuoyoshi; Hoshi, Kazuto; Ko, Edward Chengchuan

doi:10.1016/j.jcms.2018.12.018

Cited by 12 publications

(7 citation statements)

References 23 publications

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“…[1,3,4,16,[19][20][21] Only a single BB has been reported to be found 2.5% to 85%, two branches 15% to 50%, three branches 48.6% and four branches 5.7%. [11,[22][23][24] In the present study, the mean number of BB was identified as 2.40±0.62 (range: 1-4) branches proximally and 4.03±1.03 (range: 2-6) branches distally. It is important to note that main BB observed to divide into terminal branches around the BFP running to the relevant muscles.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 52%

“…The mean number of intersections of the BB and the PD has been reported as 2.49±1.15 in the study of Tsai et al [11] They observed two intersection points in 37%, three intersection points in 23%, one intersection point in 20%, four intersection points in 14% and five intersection points in 6% of cases. On the other hand, Erbil et al [21] reported that BB never crossed PD, all were inferior to PD.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 96%

“…[6] The BB, the PD and the BFP are interrelated structures of the face. They could be damaged in operations such as rhytidectomy, [5,9] parotid surgeries [9][10][11][12][13] and BFP surgeries [7,14,15] since they run close to each other. Injury to the BB or ZB may result in loss of function of the muscles involved.…”

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confidence: 99%

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Relationship between buccal branches of the facial nerve, parotid duct, buccal fat pad and Zuker’s point

Elvan

Bobuş

2020

Anatomy

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Objectives: The aim of this study was to determine the relationship of the buccal branches of the facial nerve with the parotid duct, the buccal fat pad and the Zuker’s point, and reveal the incidence of the neural communications of buccal branch with the zygomatic and marginal mandibular branches of the facial nerve. Methods: Fifteen formalin-fixed cadaveric heads (8 females and 7 males) with a mean age of 73.93±14.42 years were dissected bilaterally to reveal the buccal, zygomatic and marginal mandibular branches of the facial nerve, the parotid duct and the buccal fat pad. Positional relationships of these structures and the anatomical features of buccal and zygomatic branches were evaluated. Results: The mean number of buccal and zygomatic branches was 2.40±0.62 and 1.90±0.60 respectively. Buccal branches crossed the parotid duct in 67%, formed a plexus along the parotid duct in 27% and coursed superior or inferior to the parotid duct without crossing in 6% of the dissected specimens. The mean number of intersection points of buccal branches on parotid duct was 4.03±1.03. Parotid duct crossed along the superior border of buccal fat pad in 66%, deep to buccal fat pad in 27% and between the superior and inferior lobes of buccal fat pad in 7%. Buccal branches crossed superficial to buccal fat pad in 80% and some branches passed superficial and through the buccal fat pad in 20%. Conclusion: It is essential to know the positional interrelations of the buccal branches of the facial nerve with the parotid duct and buccal fat pad for clinical implications. The relation of Zuker’s point with zygomatic and buccal branches and with parotid duct should not be overlooked.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 52%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 96%

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Relationship between buccal branches of the facial nerve, parotid duct, buccal fat pad and Zuker’s point

Elvan

Bobuş

2020

Anatomy

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“…The PD penetrates the buccinator muscle, entering the oral cavity close to the second maxillary molar (Figure 3) (Stuzin et al, 1990). Adjacent to the parotid duct, there are branches of the facial nerve and the parotid masseteric fascia (Mendelson et al, 2008;Tsai et al, 2019). The individualization of the PD in the ultrasonography image is not always possible unless its lumen is ecstatic or contains liquid.…”

Section: Oral Extension Of Bichat Fat (Oebf) and Its Anatomical Relat...mentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The TEBF presents a path below the zygomatic arch towards the temporal fossa, as seen in Figure 1 (Tostevin & Ellis, 1995;Loukas et al, 2006;Tsai et al, 2019). No description of its anatomical appearance was found in the literature, only in other imaging methods such as CT and MRI.…”

Section: Temporal Extension Of Bichat Fat (Tebf)mentioning

confidence: 99%

First ultrasound report of temporal extension of bichat fat: correlation between anatomy and ultrasonography

Castilho

Furtado²,

Oliveira³

et al. 2022

RSD

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The knowledge of facial anatomy and its correlation with ultrasonography has been gaining ground in the clinical practice of several professionals. Therefore, the knowledge of facial anatomical structures through dynamic ultrasonography images must be understood as a critical element for the clinical practice of guided esthetic facial procedures. In this pictorial essay focuses on discussing unprecedented anatomical details Temporal Extension of Bichat Fat correlating the anatomy with routine ultrasonography images. Knowledge of the US features of the temporal and buccal extensions of Bichat's fat will help narrow the differential diagnosis and guide clinical decision-making through spatial resolution and the ability to assess these structures using muscle contraction dynamically.

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Tumors of the Parotid Gland

2021

Salivary Gland Pathology

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Clinical significance of buccal branches of the facial nerve and their relationship with the emergence of Stensen's duct: An anatomical study on adult Taiwanese cadavers

Cited by 12 publications

References 23 publications

Relationship between buccal branches of the facial nerve, parotid duct, buccal fat pad and Zuker’s point

Relationship between buccal branches of the facial nerve, parotid duct, buccal fat pad and Zuker’s point

First ultrasound report of temporal extension of bichat fat: correlation between anatomy and ultrasonography

Tumors of the Parotid Gland

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