Clinical significance of anti-HLA antibodies detected by Luminex®: Enhancing the interpretation of CDC-BXM and important post-transplantation monitoring tools

Donor-specific HLA antibodies and graft function in children after renal transplantation

“…However, class I antibodies have been detected more in patients with acute rejection and class II antibodies more in patients with chronic rejection [8,25]. In our study, patients with HLA-DSA had mostly class II antibodies and patients with HLA-nonDSA had mainly class I antibodies.…”

Luminex and antibody detection in kidney transplantation

“…Nevertheless, the main issue is to establish a consensus on the parameters that predict clinical relevance of donor-specific anti-HLA antibodies, in order to discriminate between clinically and non-clinically relevant antibodies [53]. For this purpose, the definition of antibody specificities in patient serum is crucial [55,56]. Today, knowledge of epitopes on HLA antigens has facilitated identification of antibody specificity; however, not all antibodies are clinically relevant.…”

Therapeutic apheresis in special populations

“…This thus results in a double burden of diseases in such countries. Some of the conditions listed under Categories II and III of the ASFA Guidelines [37] are currently being managed, albeit without TPE. These include multiple myeloma, focal segmental glomerulosclerosis, scleroderma, ABO incompatibility, bullous eruptions, such as pemphigus vulgaris, antiphospholipid antibody syndrome, acute liver failure, and thyrotoxicosis.…”

“…The flow crossmatch assay was an improvement to the cytotoxicity assay but is not as sensitive as the current flow bead (Luminex 1 ) assay. The flow bead assay has significantly increased the sensitivity to detect anti-HLA antibodies in renal transplantation [37].…”