Clinical Role of Smartphone Fundus Imaging in Diabetic Retinopathy and Other Neuro-retinal Diseases

Pujari, Amar; Saluja, Gunjan; Agarwal, Divya; Sinha, Amitasha; Ananya, P R; Kumar, Atul; Sharma, Namrata

doi:10.1080/02713683.2021.1958347

Cited by 21 publications

(16 citation statements)

References 87 publications

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“…Smartphones seem attractive and reliable tools, with the potential to fulfil all these aspirations. 2,3 Their incredible photographic and video graphic features, and their working patterns are on par with many sophisticated tools, and most importantly they are very handy and pocket friendly.…”

Section: What Is Smartphone Ophthalmoscopy and Why Is It Necessary?mentioning

confidence: 99%

“…For this purpose, the attachments are evolving, and to name few, "D eye", "Peek", "Cell-scope" and others have proven their role in different study set-ups (the author has no financial interests). 2,3,7 Clinicians and health care workers who are interested in documenting optic disc and the macular findings can try any of these attachments and can document desired images electronically. The optic disc cupping, neuro-retinal rim health, optic disc vasculature, retinal nerve fibre layer health, foveal details, papillomacular bundle health and other relevant information can be captured and stored for future references.…”

Section: Smartphones As Direct Ophthalmoscopesmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…In ophthalmology, their usefulness is quite unique and growing. 2,3 The ability to capture anterior as well as posterior segment images is an evidence of it. Previously, this author has enumerated various "smartphone imaging techniques" in ophthalmology 2 and the "clinical role" in various posterior segment pathologies.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Previously, this author has enumerated various "smartphone imaging techniques" in ophthalmology 2 and the "clinical role" in various posterior segment pathologies. 3 While the future looks promising, the role of smartphones is currently limited to convenient screening devices rather than suitable quality diagnostic tools. This review summarises the data and opinions available in the medical literature to support the use of smartphones in ocular care as "smartphones ophthalmoscopes".…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Smartphone Ophthalmoscopy: is there a place for it?

Pujari¹

2021

OPTH

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Smartphone technology is advancing at a rapid pace. Their role in day-to-day life is becoming more and more intricate and irreplaceable. Of late, they have gained immense importance in different medical specialities where they possess an active ability to guide the clinician. This is particularly evident in ophthalmology, where the constantly evolving camera-illumination systems and the artificial intelligence integrated technology have unravelled many novel observations for non-contact posterior segment imaging. The scope of this review is to highlight the role of smartphones as ophthalmoscopes (direct as well as indirect). Nevertheless, their limitations and future directions are also stated here with the intention of making progress in the field of smartphone fundus imaging.

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Section: What Is Smartphone Ophthalmoscopy and Why Is It Necessary?mentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Smartphones As Direct Ophthalmoscopesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Smartphone Ophthalmoscopy: is there a place for it?

Pujari¹

2021

OPTH

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“…Smartphone-based fundus imaging has become increasingly relevant for diabetic retinopathy (DR) screening strategies, in a cost-effective manner [ 1 ]. Diabetic macular edema (DME) is the most common cause of vision loss and referrals associated with DR [ 2 ].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Diabetic Macular Edema Screened by Handheld Smartphone-based Retinal Camera and Artificial Intelligence

Malerbi

Mendes²,

Barboza³

et al. 2021

J Med Syst

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Our aim was to assess the tomographic presence of diabetic macular edema in type 2 diabetes patients screened for diabetic retinopathy with color fundus photographs and an artificial intelligence algorithm. Color fundus photographs obtained with a low-cost smartphone-based handheld retinal camera were analyzed by the algorithm; patients with suspected macular lesions underwent ocular coherence tomography. A total of 366 patients were screened; diabetic macular edema was suspected in 34 and confirmed in 29 individuals, with average age 60.5 ± 10.9 years and glycated hemoglobin 9.8 ± 2.4%; use of insulin, statins, and aspirin were reported in 44.8%, 37.9%, and 34.5% of individuals, respectively; systemic blood hypertension, dyslipidemia, abdominal obesity, chronic kidney disease, and risk for diabetic foot ulcers were present in 100%, 58.6%, 62.1%, 48.3%, and 27.5% of individuals, respectively. Proliferative diabetic retinopathy was present in 31% of patients with macular edema; severity level was associated with albuminuria (p = 0.028). Eyes with macular edema had average central macular thickness 329.89 ± 80.98 m ; intraretinal cysts, sub retinal fluid, hyper-reflective foci, epiretinal membrane, and vitreomacular traction were found in 87.2%, 6.4%, 85.1%, 10.6%, and 6.4% of eyes, respectively. Diabetic retinopathy screening overwhelms health systems and is typically based on color fundus photographs, with high false-positive rates for the detection of diabetic macular edema. The present, semi-automated strategy comprising artificial intelligence algorithms integrated with smartphone-based retinal cameras could improve screening in low-resource settings with limited availability of ocular coherence tomography, allowing increased access rates and ultimately contributing to tackle preventable blindness.

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Deep Learning Ocular Disease Detection System (ODDS)

Thiagarajan,

Suguna

2023

Mining Intelligence and Knowledge Exploration

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Clinical Role of Smartphone Fundus Imaging in Diabetic Retinopathy and Other Neuro-retinal Diseases

Cited by 21 publications

References 87 publications

Smartphone Ophthalmoscopy: is there a place for it?

Smartphone Ophthalmoscopy: is there a place for it?

Diabetic Macular Edema Screened by Handheld Smartphone-based Retinal Camera and Artificial Intelligence

Deep Learning Ocular Disease Detection System (ODDS)

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