Clinical relevance of pretransplant human leukocyte antigen donor-specific antibodies in renal patients waiting for a transplant: A risk factor

Donor-specific HLA antibodies and graft function in children after renal transplantation

“…Lymphocyte CDC or flow crossmatch is still the key analysis for donor-recipient selection in the majority of transplantation centres. The clinical relevance of pretransplant HLA-DSA detected by Luminex with simultaneous negative CDC or flow crossmatch is still under debate, and more data are required to assess its clinical use in children and adults [27,28].…”

HLA-A, -B, and -DRB1 allelic and haplotypic diversity in a sample of bone marrow volunteer donors from Rio Grande do Sul State, Brazil

“…This test is performed in the pretransplant investigation, where the anti-HLA antibodies present in the recipient's serum are defined. In past years, advances in these tests have made it possible to detect antibodies using solid-phase tests, which do not necessarily contemplate an HLA distribution that is representative of the assessed population [22], because they mostly include the global frequency of HLA alleles. Knowledge of the data on phenotypic frequency makes it possible to determine the real reactivity represented by a percentage value based on the recipient's population group.…”

Clinical usefulness of a novel C1q assay to detect immunoglobulin G antibodies capable of fixing complement in sensitized pediatric heart transplant patients

“…22 Moreover, patients have undergone successful transplants with "incompatible" donors in the presence of donorspecific antibodies (DSAs) defined by the SAB assays. [23][24][25][26][27][28] HLA antigens can be entered into UNet, a secure Internet-based transplant information database created by United Network for Organ Sharing (UNOS) as "avoids," and a virtual crossmatch (VXM) can be done to reduce the risk for antibody-mediated graft loss. This has contributed to prolonged waiting times, especially among very highly sensitized patients 29,30 and has disproportionately affected pediatric patients.…”