Clinical relevance of amygdala sclerosis in temporal lobe epilepsy

Zentner, Josef; Wolf, Helmut K.; Helmstaedter, Christof; Grünwald, Thomas; Aliashkevich, Ales F.; Wiestler, Otmar D.; Elger, Christian E.; Schramm, Johannes

doi:10.3171/jns.1999.91.1.0059

Cited by 37 publications

(28 citation statements)

References 47 publications

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“…However, the epileptic foci in the participants in the current study were not located in the amygdala, which was confirmed by electrophysiological and surgical evaluations. Interestingly, a previous study was unable to find neuronal loss or the presence of gliosis in the amygdalae of patients with epilepsy whose epileptic foci were located outside the amygdala (Zentner et al, 1999). The influence of possible microscopic abnormalities in the amygdala on the participants in this study is, thus, considered to be minimal.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 88%

Temporal Profile of Amygdala Gamma Oscillations in Response to Faces

Sato

Kochiyama

Uono

et al. 2012

Journal of Cognitive Neuroscience

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Neuroimaging studies have reported greater activation of the human amygdala in response to faces than to nonfacial stimuli, yet little is known about the temporal profile of this activation. We investigated this issue by recording the intracranial field potentials of the amygdala in participants undergoing preneurosurgical assessment (n = 6). Participants observed faces, mosaics, and houses in upright and inverted orientations using a dummy target detection task. Time-frequency statistical parametric mapping analyses revealed that the amygdala showed greater gamma-band activity in response to faces than to mosaics at 200-300 msec, with a peak at 255 msec. Gamma-band activation with a similar temporal profile was also found in response to faces versus houses. Activation patterns did not differ between upright and inverted presentations of stimuli. These results suggest that the human amygdala is involved in the early stages of face processing, including the modulation of subjective perception of faces.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 88%

Temporal Profile of Amygdala Gamma Oscillations in Response to Faces

Sato

Kochiyama

Uono

et al. 2012

Journal of Cognitive Neuroscience

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“…Future research will be required to disentangle the histopathological abnormalities in these amygdala lesions. It may be speculated that the progressively atrophic encephalitic amygdala lesions may end up as amygdala sclerosis 34 35. In line with this hypothesis is the observation that MTLE patients with amygdala atrophy on MRI had a history of encephalitis more frequently than MTLE patients with normal amygdala volumes 36…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 93%

Causes, presentation and outcome of lesional adult onset mediotemporal lobe epilepsy

Soeder

Gleißner

Urbach

et al. 2009

Journal of Neurology, Neurosurgery & Psychiatry

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other, N=20 (24%). Visible MTL affection was frequently bilateral in LE (57%) and HS (22%) patients. These groups also showed the poorest memory performance. Patients with amygdala lesions were the oldest ones (mean age 52 years); their lesions are in part immunemediated and in part probably dysplastic. Treatment-dependent seizure outcomes were similar to published data without restriction to adult onset-cases. Under conservative therapy, memory performance remained stable in HS patients but improved in a proportion of LE patients.

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“…The considered measures were the number of correctly learned designs over 5 learning trials and recognition performance (corrected for false-positive answers). The test has been shown to be sensitive to right temporal lobe dysfunction, right mesiotemporal pathology, and also to right-sided temporal lobe surgery [36][37][38][39].…”

Section: Pre-and Postoperative Memory Assessmentmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Analyses were based on learning performance (total number of words learned in five trials), delayed free recall, and recognition performance (corrected for false-positive answers). The test has been shown to be sensitive to left temporal lobe dysfunction, left mesiotemporal pathology and left-sided temporal lobe surgery [33][34][35][36].…”

Section: Pre-and Postoperative Memory Assessmentmentioning

confidence: 99%

Relevance of hippocampal integrity for memory outcome after surgical treatment of mesial temporal lobe epilepsy

et al. 2015

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Surgical treatment of unilateral mesial temporal lobe epilepsy (mTLE) particularly bears the risk of episodic memory decline. The present study investigates the role of the ipsilateral hippocampal integrity for postoperative change in material-specific memory performance. In 104 patients who had undergone epilepsy surgery for unilateral mTLE, we analyzed pre- to postoperative changes of verbal and figural memory as a function of segmental neuronal cell densities of the resected hippocampus (cornu ammonis, CA1-4; internal and external limb of the dentate gyrus, DG). Results were controlled for side of surgery and hemispheric dominance. Surgery caused significant memory decline, especially with regard to verbal memory after left temporal resections. Seizure freedom (65 % Engel Ia) did not affect memory outcome. Higher neuronal cell densities of the resected left hippocampus were associated with greater declines in verbal memory parameters (r = -0.27 to r = -0.39, p < 0.05), especially when excluding patients with atypical hemispheric dominance (r = -0.34 to r = -0.60, p < 0.05; significant correlations across all hippocampal subfields). There were no systematic correlations between neuronal cell densities of the resected right hippocampus and memory changes. The results emphasize the role of the structural and functional integrity of the hippocampus within the left dominant hemisphere for the degree of verbal memory decline after temporal lobe surgery. Presurgical verbal memory performance may be taken as a marker of ipsilateral left hippocampal integrity and may contribute to individual risk-benefit evaluations before epilepsy surgery. Finally, more precise neuropsychological markers of right hippocampal integrity are needed.

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Clinical relevance of amygdala sclerosis in temporal lobe epilepsy

Cited by 37 publications

References 47 publications

Temporal Profile of Amygdala Gamma Oscillations in Response to Faces

Temporal Profile of Amygdala Gamma Oscillations in Response to Faces

Causes, presentation and outcome of lesional adult onset mediotemporal lobe epilepsy

Relevance of hippocampal integrity for memory outcome after surgical treatment of mesial temporal lobe epilepsy

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