Clinical reflections on the intersections of autism and personality development

Lai, Meng‐Chuan

doi:10.1177/13623613221088073

Cited by 10 publications

(4 citation statements)

References 36 publications

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“… 55 Lack of awareness of the presentation of autism in adulthood may also contribute to misdiagnoses of psychiatric conditions in adults with undiagnosed autism. 5 , 28 , 39 , 56 For example, late-diagnosed autistic adults often report being viewed by healthcare professionals as high-functioning and perceived as coping during diagnostic assessments, 5 , 18 , 32 despite facing significant challenges in daily life. 6 , 29 , 57 This raises the likelihood that neurodevelopmental diagnoses will be ruled out and autistic traits misattributed to a different psychiatric diagnosis.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Perceived misdiagnosis of psychiatric conditions in autistic adults

Kentrou,

Livingston,

Grove

et al. 2024

eClinicalMedicine

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Perceived misdiagnosis of psychiatric conditions in autistic adults

Kentrou,

Livingston,

Grove

et al. 2024

eClinicalMedicine

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“…Earlier studies have found that at least 50% of individuals with ASD meet the diagnostic criteria for at least one PD ( 20 , 45 ). The intersection between ASD and personality disorders is an admittedly difficult clinical area ( 46 ), particularly in adults ( 47 ), and the lack of clinical guidance probably adds to these straits [e.g. ( 48 )].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Autism Spectrum Disorders in forensic psychiatric investigations–patterns of comorbidity and criminality

Hofvander,

Nilsson,

Ståhlberg

et al. 2023

Front. Psychiatry

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BackgroundThere are contradictory research findings regarding whether individuals with Autism Spectrum Disorders (ASDs) are more or less likely to commit crimes. The aims of the current study were to: (1) Describe psychiatric and crime-related characteristics of a large group of offenders with ASD who had undergone a Forensic Psychiatric Investigation (FPI). (2) Identify clinical subgroups among this group of offenders. (3) Investigate associations between the identified clinical subgroups and (a) psychiatric comorbidity (b) types of crimes and (c) criminal responsibility.MethodsThe study cohort consists of all subjects (n = 831) who received an ASD-diagnosis at an FPI between 2002 and 2018 in Sweden. Descriptive and clinical, as well as crime related variables were obtained from the FPIs. Non-parametric (Pearson χ2, Fisher's exact and Mann-Whitney U-test) inferential statistics were used for analyses of between-group differences and effect sizes were reported. A Latent Class Analysis was used to identify homogeneous subgroups (or classes) from categorical characteristics.ResultsThe cohort consisted of 708 men and 123 women, aged 18 to 74 yrs. Two-thirds (66.7%) of the cohort had at least one other psychiatric diagnosis, the most prevalent was substance use disorder (SUD). A severe mental disorder, equivalent to lack of criminal responsibility, was most often reported among offenders with a comorbid diagnosis of schizophrenia spectrum disorder. The most common type of crime was violent crime. Three person-oriented clinical subgroups were identified; (1) ASD with few other diagnoses; (2) ASD and very high levels of SUDs, plus moderate levels of other externalizing disorders and psychotic psychopathology and (3) ASD and moderate to high levels of personality disorders (other than ASPD) and SUDs.ConclusionOur results highlight the importance of all parts of the CJS to be prepared to handle offenders with ASD, often with high levels of additional psychiatric problems. Traditional approaches in treatment or other psychosocial interventions for ASD may need to be adapted to at least three general clinical profiles– one with mainly neurodevelopmental problems, one with a spectrum of externalizing problems and one with complex personality related difficulties.

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“…The cross-sectional study was carried out using the Dimensional Apathy Scale and the Social Communication Questionnaire (SCQ), which serves to investigate types of social interaction, language, and communication. It is answered by parents or guardians of children with ASD diagnosed according to the criteria of DSM V [ 17 ].…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Association of Parental Support with Reduced Stereotypy in Children with Autism Spectrum Disorder: A Cross-Sectional Study

Reis,

Souza,

Dias

et al. 2023

Medicina

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Background and Objectives: To analyze the influence of parental presence and use of risperidone on social interaction and apathy among patients with Autism Spectrum Disorder (ASD). Materials and Methods: Cross-sectional study in a reference center for patients with ASD in a city in northeastern Brazil. The research was carried out using a sociodemographic questionnaire, the Dimensional Apathy Scale, and the Social Communication Questionnaire (SCQ) with the domains of social interaction, language, stereotypy, and communication. The referred questionnaire was answered by the parents or guardians of the children with ASD according to the DSM V criteria. Data were analyzed via independent t-test using the SPSS software version 20. Results: Interviews were conducted with 51 parents/guardians of autistic children with a mean age of 8.8 years (±2.95) and a predominance of males, 34 (66.7%). Of this total, 49 (96.1%) of the children attended school; 40 (78.4%) children were on medication, of which 38 (74.5%) were on risperidone. Those children on risperidone had a higher score on the SCQ scale (p = 0.049) and on the domain of stereotyped behaviors (p = 0.033), which indicated greater impairment. Another statistically relevant variable was the presence of married parents, whereby children who did not have the presence of married parents had a higher average of stereotyped behaviors compared to those who had married parents. Conclusions: The results showed differences in the means of social interactions for children on risperidone, especially regarding stereotyped behaviors. However, it is not possible to state whether this difference was due to the use of risperidone or whether they used risperidone precisely because of these behaviors. Also important was that children who had the presence of married parents showed fewer stereotyped behaviors. There was no difference in apathetic behavior between children.

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Clinical reflections on the intersections of autism and personality development

Cited by 10 publications

References 36 publications

Perceived misdiagnosis of psychiatric conditions in autistic adults

Perceived misdiagnosis of psychiatric conditions in autistic adults

Autism Spectrum Disorders in forensic psychiatric investigations–patterns of comorbidity and criminality

Association of Parental Support with Reduced Stereotypy in Children with Autism Spectrum Disorder: A Cross-Sectional Study

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