Clinical prognostic factors in canine histiocytic sarcoma

Abstract

Canine histiocytic sarcoma (HS) is an aggressive neoplasia with variable clinical course and fatal outcome. The goals of this study were to evaluate a large cohort of canine patients with immunohistochemically confirmed HS and identify clinical prognostic factors. Biopsy submissions to the Michigan State University with tentative HS diagnoses were histologically and immunohistochemically confirmed, medical records collected, and interviews with relevant veterinary clinics conducted. Of 1391 histopathology submissions with a diagnosis containing the word 'histiocytic', 335 were suspicious for malignancy, and 180 were consistent with HS and had adequate clinical information recorded. The most commonly represented breeds were Bernese mountain dogs (n = 53), labrador retrievers (n = 26) and golden retrievers (n = 17). Median survival for all dogs in the study was 170 days, and subgroup analysis identified palliative treatment, disseminated HS, and concurrent use of corticosteroids as statistically significant negative factors for survival, in both uni-and multi-variate methodologies.

Primary pulmonary histiocytic sarcoma in dogs: A retrospective analysis of 37 cases (2000‐2015)

“…Cytologic features of HS include numerous pleomorphic, large, discrete mononuclear cells with abundant, lightly basophilic, vacuolated, granular cytoplasm and marked anisocytosis and anisokaryosis . While a diagnosis can be made off of cytology, recent work has shown histopathology with immunohistochemistry (IHC) to be more accurate and should be performed whenever possible . In this study, the patients with a histopathologic diagnosis of HS were patients that had tissue submitted following surgery.…”

“…Localized HS is locally invasive and frequently metastasizes to draining lymph nodes. Reported anatomical sites include liver, spleen, lung, lymph node, stomach, oral cavity, mediastinum, skin/subcutaneous tissue, skeletal muscle, central nervous system, eye, joint/bone and bone marrow . HS is known to be an aggressive disease with high metastatic rate, poor response to treatment and short survival times.…”

Histiocytic sarcoma in 14 miniature schnauzers – a new breed predisposition?

“…, Dervisis et al . ). Pembroke Welsh corgis have also been found to be commonly affected in Japan (Takahashi et al .…”

Clinicopathological characteristics of histiocytic sarcoma affecting the central nervous system in dogs

“…Several dog breeds are consistently overrepresented in HS case series, and a familial association has been reported in Bernese Mountain Dogs . Defined breed predisposition data for HS are limited, but Bernese Mountain Dog, Golden Retriever, Flat Coat Retriever, Shar Pei, Miniature Schnauzer, Labrador Retriever, and Pembroke Welsh Corgi breeds have been shown to be overrepresented based on defined control populations, and Rottweilers are conspicuously overrepresented in several case series . Histiocytic sarcoma involving the central nervous system (CNS) is relatively uncommon representing 2.2% (n = 2) of primary and 3.4% (n = 7) of secondary intracranial neoplasms diagnosed at necropsy, and prognosis regardless of treatment is anecdotally poor .…”

“…[3][4][5] Defined breed predisposition data for HS are limited, but Bernese Mountain Dog, Golden Retriever, Flat Coat Retriever, Shar Pei, Miniature Schnauzer, Labrador Retriever, and Pembroke Welsh Corgi breeds have been shown to be overrepresented based on defined control populations, 6,7 and Rottweilers are conspicuously overrepresented in several case series. 1,[8][9][10][11] Histiocytic sarcoma involving the central nervous system (CNS) is relatively uncommon representing 2.2% (n = 2) of primary and 3.4% (n = 7) of secondary intracranial neoplasms diagnosed at necropsy, 12 and prognosis regardless of treatment is anecdotally poor. [13][14][15] Intracranial CNS HS commonly are reported as extra-axial, uniformly contrastenhancing masses on magnetic resonance (MR) imaging, and differentiation from more commonly occurring, and generally more benign extra-axial tumors such as meningioma can be challenging.…”